Axonal ensheathment and intercellular barrier formation in Drosophila.
Axonal ensheathment and intercellular barrier formation in Drosophila.
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DOI：
10.1016/s1937-6448(10)83003-5
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bhat, Manzoor A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blauth, Kevin;Banerjee, Swati;Bhat, Manzoor A.
神经胶质细胞在神经系统发育、功能和疾病的各个主要方面都发挥着关键作用。除了传统的支持作用外，神经胶质细胞还执行多种重要功能，例如髓鞘形成、突触形成和可塑性，以及在神经系统中建立血脑和血神经屏障。最近的研究强调了果蝇和脊椎动物神经胶质细胞之间惊人的功能相似性。在这两个系统中，神经胶质细胞在神经鞘层中发挥着重要作用，从而隔离神经系统并有助于创建用于传导神经冲动的局部离子微环境。在这里，我们回顾了果蝇神经系统发育不同阶段中鞘层的解剖学方面和分子参与者，以及这些过程如何导致神经胶质细胞连接的组织。我们还讨论了无脊椎动物轴突鞘和连接组织与脊椎动物髓鞘形成和轴突-神经胶质相互作用的一些关键方面。最后，我们强调了果蝇各种细胞环境中细胞间连接在屏障形成中的重要性。我们推测，揭示跨物种鞘鞘的遗传和分子机制可能会为人类髓磷脂相关疾病提供重要见解，并有助于设计治疗干预措施。
Glial cells are critical players in every major aspect of nervous system development, function, and disease. Other than their traditional supportive role, glial cells perform a variety of important functions such as myelination, synapse formation and plasticity, and establishment of blood–brain and blood–nerve barriers in the nervous system. Recent studies highlight the striking functional similarities between Drosophila and vertebrate glia. In both systems, glial cells play an essential role in neural ensheathment thereby isolating the nervous system and help to create a local ionic microenvironment for conduction of nerve impulses. Here, we review the anatomical aspects and the molecular players that underlie ensheathment during different stages of nervous system development in Drosophila and how these processes lead to the organization of neuroglial junctions. We also discuss some key aspects of the invertebrate axonal ensheathment and junctional organization with that of vertebrate myelination and axon–glial interactions. Finally, we highlight the importance of intercellular junctions in barrier formation in various cellular contexts in Drosophila. We speculate that unraveling the genetic and molecular mechanisms of ensheathment across species might provide key insights into human myelin-related disorders and help in designing therapeutic interventions.