Telomere: Real-Time NAND Flash Storage
Telomere: Real-Time NAND Flash Storage
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DOI：
10.1145/3479157
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发表时间：
2022-01
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通讯作者：
Katherine Missimer;Manos Athanassoulis;R. West
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作者：
Katherine Missimer;Manos Athanassoulis;R. West
现代固态硬盘由于其巨大的内部并行性而实现了高数据传输速率。然而，当在空间回收期间需要复制有效数据时，闪存的不适当更新会导致垃圾收集成本。这种额外成本的根本原因是固态磁盘并不总是能够准确地确定数据生命周期，并将在需要回收空间之前过期的数据分组在一起。自动驾驶汽车、工业控制系统和装配线机器人中的实时系统存储来自数百个传感器的数据，并且通常具有可预测的数据生命周期。这些系统需要保证高的存储带宽，用于关键任务实时任务的读写操作。在本文中，我们脱离了传统的块设备接口，以保证处理大量数据所需的高吞吐量。使用来自应用层的数据生命周期信息，我们提出的实时设计（称为Telomere）能够智能地在NAND闪存中布局数据，并在垃圾收集过程中消除有效的页面副本。端粒的实时准入控制能够保证任务在其周期内进行所需的读写操作。在随机生成的包含500个任务的任务集下，与现有技术相比，端粒的吞吐量提高了30%，存储成本降低了5%。
Modern solid-state disks achieve high data transfer rates due to their massive internal parallelism. However, out-of-place updates for flash memory incur garbage collection costs when valid data needs to be copied during space reclamation. The root cause of this extra cost is that solid-state disks are not always able to accurately determine data lifetime and group together data that expires before the space needs to be reclaimed. Real-time systems found in autonomous vehicles, industrial control systems, and assembly-line robots store data from hundreds of sensors and often have predictable data lifetimes. These systems require guaranteed high storage bandwidth for read and write operations by mission-critical real-time tasks. In this article, we depart from the traditional block device interface to guarantee the high throughput needed to process large volumes of data. Using data lifetime information from the application layer, our proposed real-time design, called Telomere, is able to intelligently lay out data in NAND flash memory and eliminate valid page copies during garbage collection. Telomere’s real-time admission control is able to guarantee tasks their required read and write operations within their periods. Under randomly generated tasksets containing 500 tasks, Telomere achieves 30% higher throughput with a 5% storage cost compared to pre-existing techniques.