A Multi-Site Analysis of the Prevalence of Food Insecurity in the United States, before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
A Multi-Site Analysis of the Prevalence of Food Insecurity in the United States, before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/cdn/nzab135
复制
发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Yerxa K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Niles MT;Beavers AW;Clay LA;Dougan MM;Pignotti GA;Rogus S;Savoie-Roskos MR;Schattman RE;Zack RM;Acciai F;Allegro D;Belarmino EH;Bertmann F;Biehl E;Birk N;Bishop-Royse J;Bozlak C;Bradley B;Brenton BP;Buszkiewicz J;Cavaliere BN;Cho Y;Clark EM;Coakley K;Coffin-Schmitt J;Collier SM;Coombs C;Dressel A;Drewnowski A;Evans T;Feingold BJ;Fiechtner L;Fiorella KJ;Funderburk K;Gadhoke P;Gonzales-Pacheco D;Safi AG;Gu S;Hanson KL;Harley A;Harper K;Hosler AS;Ismach A;Josephson A;Laestadius L;LeBlanc H;Lewis LR;Litton MM;Martin KS;Martin S;Martinelli S;Mazzeo J;Merrill SC;Neff R;Nguyen E;Ohri-Vachaspati P;Orbe A;Otten JJ;Parmer S;Pemberton S;Qusair ZAA;Rivkina V;Robinson J;Rose CM;Sadeghzadeh S;Sivaramakrishnan B;Arroyo MT;Voorhees M;Yerxa K
2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行深刻影响了粮食系统，包括粮食安全。了解 COVID-19 大流行如何影响粮食安全对于提供支持并确定长期影响和需求非常重要。国家粮食获取和新冠病毒研究小组 (NFACT) 的成立是为了使用通用仪器和测量方法评估整个大流行期间美国不同研究地点的粮食安全。这项研究展示了来自 15 个州和全国 18 个研究中心在 COVID-19 大流行第一年的结果。整个或部分通过对大流行第一年各站点成年人的在线调查（代表 22 项独立调查）开发和实施了经过验证的调查工具。每个研究地点的采样方法都是方便的、有代表性的或有针对性的高风险。粮食安全是使用美国农业部的 6 项模块来衡量的。通过抽样方法使用方差分析来分析粮食安全流行情况，以评估统计上的显着差异。受访者 (n = 27,168) 表示，自 COVID-19 大流行以来，与大流行之前相比，粮食不安全的发生率更高（低或极低的粮食安全）。在几乎所有研究地点，黑人、原住民和有色人种 (BIPOC)、有孩子的家庭以及工作中断的家庭中粮食不安全的发生率较高。调查结果表明，粮食不安全问题依然存在，在重复横断面调查的地点，随着时间的推移，这种不安全问题的患病率很高。便利调查和代表性调查之间没有统计学上的显着差异，但与便利调查相比，高风险人群的粮食不安全发生率在统计学上更高。这项综合研究表明，在 COVID-19 大流行的第一年，粮食不安全的发生率更高。这些影响在某些人口群体中普遍存在，并且在针对高风险人群的调查中最为明显。结果特别记录了粮食不安全程度持续较高，以及由于调查实施方法造成的估计值的变化。通过多种调查方法进行的多地点评估表明，新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 期间普遍存在粮食不安全问题，特别是对于有孩子、失业以及黑人、土著和有色人种的家庭。
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic profoundly affected food systems including food security. Understanding how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted food security is important to provide support and identify long-term impacts and needs. The National Food Access and COVID research Team (NFACT) was formed to assess food security over different US study sites throughout the pandemic, using common instruments and measurements. This study presents results from 18 study sites across 15 states and nationally over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. A validated survey instrument was developed and implemented in whole or part through an online survey of adults across the sites throughout the first year of the pandemic, representing 22 separate surveys. Sampling methods for each study site were convenience, representative, or high-risk targeted. Food security was measured using the USDA 6-item module. Food security prevalence was analyzed using ANOVA by sampling method to assess statistically significant differences. Respondents (n = 27,168) indicate higher prevalence of food insecurity (low or very low food security) since the COVID-19 pandemic, compared with before the pandemic. In nearly all study sites, there is a higher prevalence of food insecurity among Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC), households with children, and those with job disruptions. The findings demonstrate lingering food insecurity, with high prevalence over time in sites with repeat cross-sectional surveys. There are no statistically significant differences between convenience and representative surveys, but a statistically higher prevalence of food insecurity among high-risk compared with convenience surveys. This comprehensive study demonstrates a higher prevalence of food insecurity in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. These impacts were prevalent for certain demographic groups, and most pronounced for surveys targeting high-risk populations. Results especially document the continued high levels of food insecurity, as well as the variability in estimates due to the survey implementation method. Multi-site assessment demonstrates widespread food insecurity during COVID-19, especially for households with children, job loss, and Black, Indigenous, People of Color across multiple survey methods.