REMARKABLE ARCHAEAL DIVERSITY DETECTED IN A YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK HOT-SPRING ENVIRONMENT
REMARKABLE ARCHAEAL DIVERSITY DETECTED IN A YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK HOT-SPRING ENVIRONMENT
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.91.5.1609
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发表时间：
1994-03-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
PACE, NR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BARNS, SM;FUNDYGA, RE;PACE, NR
在三个主要的系统发生域--古细菌(考古细菌)、细菌(真细菌)和真核生物(Eucarya)--中，古细菌在多样性、生理学和生态全景方面是最不被了解的。虽然许多种(两个公认的古生物界之一的古生物界)[Woese，C.R.，Kandler，O.&Wheelis，M.L.(1990)Proc.娜塔莉。阿卡德。SCI。在rRNA序列的系统发育分析中，它们构成了一个相对紧密的谱系群。这种有限的多样性似乎只是表面上的，只是反映了培养有机体的失败，而不是它们的缺失。我们报道了从黄石国家公园温泉沉积物中直接提取的混合种群DNA的聚合酶链式反应扩增获得的许多古生物小亚基rRNA基因序列的系统发育特征。这种方法不需要培养来鉴定生物体。这些分析证明，不仅存在具有良好特征的隐翅虫属或科的物种，而且还存在迄今尚未发现近亲的隐翅虫物种。从这个单一的温泉中发现了大量不同的古生物序列类型，这是意想不到的，表明克伦考古群是一个比之前怀疑的更多样化的群体。这些结果对我们关于古生界系统发育组织的概念产生了影响。
Of the three primary phylogenetic domains-Archaea (archaebacteria), Bacteria (eubacteria), and Eucarya (eukaryotes)-Archaea is the least understood in terms of its diversity, physiologies, and ecological panorama. Although many species of Crenarchaeota {one of the two recognized archaeal kingdoms sensu Woese [Woese, C. R., Kandler, O. & Wheelis, M. L. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 4576-4579]} have been isolated, they constitute a relatively tight-knit cluster of lineages in phylogenetic analyses of rRNA sequences. It seemed possible that this limited diversity is merely apparent and reflects only a failure to culture organisms, not their absence. We report here phylogenetic characterization of many archaeal small subunit rRNA gene sequences obtained by polymerase chain reaction amplification of mixed population DNA extracted directly from sediment of a hot spring in Yellowstone National Park. This approach obviates the need for cultivation to identify organisms. The analyses document the existence not only of species belonging to well characterized crenarchaeal genera or families but also of crenarchaeal species for which no close relatives have so far been found. The large number of distinct archaeal sequence types retrieved from this single hot spring was unexpected and demonstrates that Crenarchaeota is a much more diverse group than was previously suspected. The results have impact on our concepts of the phylogenetic organization of Archaea.