Nutrition and the prevention of cataracts
Nutrition and the prevention of cataracts
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DOI：
10.1097/icu.0b013e3282f2d7b6
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Afshari, Natalie A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernandez, Mark M.;Afshari, Natalie A.
综述目的氧化应激是白内障发生的主要原因。关于营养补充剂对白内障进展的影响，已经发表了大量研究。最新发现基础科学研究已经证明抗氧化剂对透镜组织具有保护作用，多项观察性研究表明，补充维生素C和叶黄素/玉米黄质与降低白内障形成风险有关。一项大型干预性试验表明，接受高剂量维生素C治疗的参与者与安慰剂治疗的参与者之间存在显着差异，但最近的一项干预性研究并未复制这些发现。在对类胡萝卜素叶黄素和玉米黄质的综述中，美国食品和药物管理局得出结论，没有足够的证据表明补充这些类胡萝卜素可以降低白内障形成的风险。虽然高剂量的多种维生素，抗氧化剂，或叶黄素和玉米黄质是不太可能显着的眼科效益，以一般公众，这些营养素可能会帮助个人暴露于高氧化应激，如重度吸烟者，和那些营养不良.SummarySupplementation与维生素C，叶黄素，玉米黄质，或多种维生素可能有助于某些人群，但不太可能影响白内障的进展，在大多数患者.
Purpose of reviewOxidative stress is a major cause of cataract development. Numerous studies have been published regarding the effects of nutritional supplementation on cataract progression.Recent findingsBasic science research has demonstrated a protective effect of antioxidants on lens tissue, and supplementation with vitamin C and lutein/zeaxanthin has been associated with a decreased risk of cataract formation in multiple observational studies. One large interventional trial demonstrated a significant difference in participants treated with high-dose vitamin C versus placebo, but a more recent interventional study did not replicate these findings. In a review of the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin, the Food and Drug Administration concluded there is insufficient evidence to suggest that supplementation with these carotenoids lowers the risk of cataract formation. While high doses of multivitamins, antioxidants, or lutein and zeaxanthin are unlikely to be of significant ophthalmic benefit to the general public, these nutrients may help individuals exposed to high oxidative stress, such as heavy smokers, and those with poor nutrition.SummarySupplementation with vitamin C, lutein, zeaxanthin, or a multivitamin may help certain populations, but is unlikely to affect the progression of cataracts in most patients.