Qualitative Land Suitability Evaluation for the Growth of Rice and Off-seasons Crops as Rice Based Cropping System on Paddy Fields of Central Guilan, Iran
Qualitative Land Suitability Evaluation for the Growth of Rice and Off-seasons Crops as Rice Based Cropping System on Paddy Fields of Central Guilan, Iran
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伊朗吉兰中部稻田水稻和反季节作物生长的土地适宜性定性评价
DOI：
10.17485/ijst/2013/v6i10/38931
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Khayambashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shahram Mahmoud Soltani;M. Hanafi;M. T. Karbalaei;B. Khayambashi
土地适宜性评价分析是实现可持续农业生产可用土地资源优化管理和利用的必要手段。伊朗低地水田面临的最严重和最紧迫的制约因素之一是改善农地管理和种植模式，以便在适当的土地利用资源下提高农业产量，或通过反季节种植作为第二季作物获得更多收入。因此，本研究的目的是寻找除水稻以外最适合的反季节作物。在占地40567公顷的伊朗吉兰平原稻田，对15种第一、二茬作物进行了定性土地适宜性分类。采用土壤半细部分类的方法，在5个不同的地貌单元(河流冲积平原(5个系列)、低地(2个系列)、河岸(2个系列)和滨海平原和沙丘(2个系列)的11个土系中识别出24个土壤单元。根据Sys等人提出的参数和简单限制法，对每种作物的土地和气候特征及其要求进行了确定和评级。[1]。得到的土地适宜性指数从S 2级(中度适宜)到N级(不适宜)不等。作物用地适宜度最高的等级是：S 2号，水稻、菠菜、豆类、萝卜、大蒜、水芹、三叶草、生菜、油菜籽、菜豆(普通品种和蚕豆品种)，S 3号，小麦、胡萝卜、大麦、小黑麦和水稻(再生稻)。最重要的限制因子分别是：气候(营养生长期和生殖生长期的低温多雨)、排水(浅埋深)、土壤(质地)和肥力(低有机碳含量、pH)(单独或合并)，这些因素对土地适宜性等级的不利影响，特别是气候和排水限制，由于秋冬季的生长季节，验证这些因素及其相对重要性对于土地适宜性的决策非常重要。
Land suitability evaluation analysis is a necessecary to achieve optimum management and utilization of the available land resources for sustainable agricultural crops production. One of the most serious and urgent constraint in lowland paddy fields of Iran is to improve agricultural land management and cropping patterns either to increase the agricultural production with proper land use resources or to get more income from out of season plant as a second crops.Therefore, the objective of this study was to find the most suitable off-season crops after rice. Qualitative Land Suitability (QLS) classification of fifteen first and second agricultural crops in the paddy fields of the Guilan plain in Iranunder RBCS that covers an area of 40567 ha was carried out. By using the semi-detailed method of soil classification, 24 soil unites at 11 soil series in five different physiographic units were indentified (river alluvial plains (5 series), low lands (2 series), river banks (2 series) and coastal plains and sand dunes (2 series)). Land and climate characteristics of each crop with its requirements were also determined and rated based upon Parametric and simple limitation method proposed by Sys et al. [1]. The obtained indexes indicated that land suitability classes varied from S 2 (moderately suitable) to N (Not suitable). The highest land suitability class for crops are: S 2 for Rice, Spinach, Beans, Radish, Garlic, Shall cress, Clover, Lettuce, Rape seed, Bean (vulgaris and faba cultivars) and S 3 for Wheat, Carrot, Barley, Triticale, and Rice (Ratoon). The most important limiting factors are: climate (low temperature and high rainfall at vegetative and reproductive growth stages), drainage (shallow water table depth), soil (texture) and fertility (low organic carbon content, pH) (alone or in combination) respectively, those influence adversely on the land suitability classes, especially climatic and drainage limitation, because of growing season in autumn and winter Verification of the factors and their relative significance is very important for decision on land suitability.