Ecotoxicological evaluation of functional carbon nanodots using zebrafish (Danio rerio) model at different developmental stages
Ecotoxicological evaluation of functional carbon nanodots using zebrafish (Danio rerio) model at different developmental stages
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138970
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发表时间：
2023-05-19
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Ci, Lijie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Qiong;Cao, Xiufeng;Ci, Lijie
鉴于功能性碳纳米点（FCNs）在许多领域的应用潜力，其对生物体的风险和毒性评价是必要的。因此，本研究对斑马鱼胚胎和成体进行了急性毒性试验，以评估FCNs的毒性。结果表明，FCNs和氮掺杂FCNs（N-FCNs）在10%致死浓度（LC 10）下对斑马鱼的毒性表现为发育迟缓、心血管毒性、肾损害和肝毒性。这些效应之间存在相互作用关系，但主要原因应归因于高剂量材料引起的不良氧化损伤以及FCNs和N-FCNs在体内的生物分布。尽管如此，FCNs和N-FCNs仍能促进斑马鱼组织的抗氧化活性，以科普氧化应激。FCNs和NFCNs不易穿过斑马鱼胚胎或幼体体内的物理屏障，并能被成年鱼从肠道排出，证明了它们对斑马鱼的生物安全性。此外，由于FCNs的物理化学性质，特别是纳米尺寸和表面化学性质的差异，FCNs对斑马鱼的生物安全性高于N-FCNs。FCN和N-FCN对孵化率、死亡率和发育畸形的影响具有剂量依赖性和时间依赖性。在96 hpf时，FCNs和N-FCNs对斑马鱼胚胎的LC 50值分别为1610 mg/L和649 mg/L。根据鱼类和野生动物管理局的急性毒性等级表，FCNs和N-FCNs的毒性等级均被定义为“几乎无毒”，FCNs对胚胎“相对无害”，因为其LC 50值高于1000 mg/L。我们的研究结果证明了FCNs基材料的生物安全性，为未来的实际应用。
Considering functional carbon nanodots (FCNs) are potential to be applied in many areas, their risk and toxicity to organisms are imperative to be evaluated. Thus, this study conducted acute toxicity test of zebrafish (Danio rerio) at embryonic and adult stage to estimate the toxicity of FCNs. Results show that the toxic effects of FCNs and nitrogen doped FCNs (N-FCNs) at their 10% lethal concentration (LC10) values on zebrafish are expressed in developmental retardation, cardiovascular toxicity, renal damage and hepatotoxicity. There are interactive relationships between these effects, but the main reason should be ascribed to the undesirable oxidative damage induced by high doses of materials, as well as the biodistribution of FCNs and N-FCNs in vivo. Even so, FCNs and N-FCNs can promote the antioxidant activity in zebrafish tissues to cope with the oxidative stress. FCNs and NFCNs are not easy to cross the physical barriers in zebrafish embryos or larvae, and can be excreted from intestine by adult fish, which proves their biosecurity to zebrafish. In addition, because of the differences in physicochemical properties, especially nano-size and surface chemical property, FCNs show higher biosecurity to zebrafish than N-FCNs. The effects of FCNs and N-FCNs on hatching rates, mortality rates and developmental malformations are dose-dependent and time-dependent. The LC50 values of FCNs and N-FCNs on zebrafish embryo at 96 hpf are 1610 mg/L and 649 mg/L, respectively. According to the Acute Toxicity Rating Scale of the Fish and Wildlife Service, the toxicity grades of FCNs and N-FCNs are both defined as "practically nontoxic", and FCNs are "Relatively Harmless" to embryos because their LC50 values are above 1000 mg/L. Our results prove the biosecurity of FCNs-based materials for future practical application.