Ovarian cancer statistics, 2018.
Ovarian cancer statistics, 2018.
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DOI：
10.3322/caac.21456
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发表时间：
2018-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Siegel RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Torre LA;Trabert B;DeSantis CE;Miller KD;Samimi G;Runowicz CD;Gaudet MM;Jemal A;Siegel RL
2018年，美国将新增约22,240例卵巢癌确诊病例和14,070例卵巢癌死亡病例。在此，美国癌症协会基于全国人口癌症登记的发病率数据和国家卫生统计中心的死亡率数据，提供了卵巢癌发生的概述。并对早期检测策略的研究现状进行了综述。在美国，卵巢癌总发病率从1985年(16.6/10万)到2014年(11.8/10万)下降了29%，死亡率从1976年(10.0/10万)到2015年(6.7/10万)下降了33%。卵巢癌包括一组在病因、分子生物学和许多其他特征上不同的不同类型的恶性肿瘤。90%的卵巢癌是上皮性癌，最常见的是浆液性癌，其发病率在非西班牙裔白人(NHW；5.2/10万)中最高，在非西班牙裔黑人(NHBs；3.4/10万)和亚洲/太平洋岛民(APIs，3.4/10万)中最低。然而，值得注意的是，原料药具有最高的子宫内膜样癌和透明细胞癌的发病率，这发生在较年轻的年龄，并有助于解释原料药和55岁以下的卫生工作者的可比上皮癌发病率。大多数浆液性癌被诊断为III期(51%)或IV期(29%)，其5年原因特定生存率分别为42%和26%。对于所有阶段的上皮癌，APIs的五年存活率最高(57%)，NHBs的五年存活率最低(35%)，在所有癌症亚型的几乎每个诊断阶段，NHBs的存活率最低。几十年来，上皮性卵巢癌的存活率在国立卫生研究院一直处于平稳状态，而在卫生保健工作者中，其存活率继续上升，从1992-1994年间确诊的病例的40%上升到2007-2013年期间的47%。虽然在总体上降低卵巢癌的发病率和死亡率方面已经取得了进展，但仍需要进一步的研究来确定种族差异的来源，并确定有效的机制来早期发现和预防卵巢癌。
In 2018, there will be approximately 22,240 new cases of ovarian cancer diagnosed and 14,070 ovarian cancer deaths in the US. Herein, the American Cancer Society provides an overview of ovarian cancer occurrence based on incidence data from nationwide population-based cancer registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. The status of early detection strategies is also reviewed. In the US, overall ovarian cancer incidence declined by 29% from 1985 (16.6 per 100,000) to 2014 (11.8 per 100,000), while mortality declined 33% from 1976 (10.0 per 100,000) to 2015 (6.7 per 100,000). Ovarian cancer encompasses a heterogenous group of malignancies that vary in etiology, molecular biology, and numerous other characteristics. Ninety percent of ovarian cancers are epithelial, the most common being serous carcinoma, for which incidence is highest in non-Hispanic whites (NHWs; 5.2 per 100,000) and lowest in non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs; 3.4 per 100,000) and Asian/Pacific Islanders (APIs; 3.4 per 100,000). Notably, however, APIs have the highest incidence of endometrioid and clear cell carcinoma, which occur at younger ages and help explain comparable epithelial cancer incidence for APIs and NHWs younger than 55 years. Most serous carcinomas are diagnosed at stage III (51%) or IV (29%), for which the 5-year cause-specific survival is 42% and 26%, respectively. For all stages of epithelial cancers combined, five-year survival is highest in APIs (57%) and lowest in NHBs (35%), who have the lowest survival for almost every stage of diagnosis across cancer subtype. Epithelial ovarian cancer survival has plateaued in NHBs for decades, whereas it continues to increase in NHWs, from 40% for cases diagnosed during 1992–1994 to 47% during 2007–2013. Although there has been progress in reducing ovarian cancer incidence and mortality overall, further research is needed to determine the source of racial disparities and identify effective mechanisms for early ovarian cancer detection and prevention.