Insights into circovirus host range from the genomic fossil record
Insights into circovirus host range from the genomic fossil record
复制标题
从基因组化石记录中了解圆环病毒宿主范围
DOI：
10.1101/246777
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dennis T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dennis T
已经在从人类和家畜获得的样品中鉴定了来自圆环病毒（圆环病毒科）的多种多样的DNA序列，通常与病理状况相关。然而，在大多数情况下，人们对这些序列所来源的病毒的自然生物学知之甚少。内源性圆环病毒元件（CVe）是来源于圆环病毒的DNA序列，其存在于动物基因组中并提供关于圆环病毒-宿主关系的有用信息来源。在这项研究中，我们筛选了675种动物的基因组组装，并确定了许多圆环病毒相关的序列，包括来自圆环病毒的CVe的第一个例子。我们证实了这些CVe的存在下，在生殖线的细长枝蚁（Pseudomyrmex gracilis），从而建立环状病毒感染昆虫。我们研究了CVe和当代圆环病毒之间的进化关系，表明来自蚂蚁和螨类的CVe与环病毒属中的环状病毒关系相对密切。此外，昆虫基因组中CVe与从脊椎动物样品中回收的环状病毒序列的相对随机散布表明，污染可能是报告这些病毒的研究中的一个重要考虑因素。我们的研究展示了内源性病毒序列如何为基于宏基因组学的病毒发现提供信息。此外，这也引起了人们对环状病毒作为人类和其他脊椎动物病原体的作用的怀疑。重要的是，DNA测序的进展大大提高了新病毒被鉴定的速度。然而，在宏基因组样品中鉴定的大多数病毒序列的宿主物种关联难以确定。我们的分析表明，提议感染脊椎动物的病毒（在某些情况下与人类疾病有关）实际上可能仅限于节肢动物宿主。在脊椎动物样品中检测到这些序列可能反映了它们作为寄生节肢动物病毒在环境中的广泛存在。
A diverse range of DNA sequences derived from circoviruses (family Circoviridae) has been identified in samples obtained from humans and domestic animals, often in association with pathological conditions. In the majority of cases, however, little is known about the natural biology of the viruses from which these sequences are derived. Endogenous circoviral elements (CVe) are DNA sequences derived from circoviruses that occur in animal genomes and provide a useful source of information about circovirus-host relationships. In this study, we screened genome assemblies of 675 animal species and identified numerous circovirus-related sequences, including the first examples of CVe derived from cycloviruses. We confirmed the presence of these CVe in the germ line of the elongate twig ant (Pseudomyrmex gracilis), thereby establishing that cycloviruses infect insects. We examined the evolutionary relationships between CVe and contemporary circoviruses, showing that CVe from ants and mites group relatively closely with cycloviruses in phylogenies. Furthermore, the relatively random interspersion of CVe from insect genomes with cyclovirus sequences recovered from vertebrate samples suggested that contamination might be an important consideration in studies reporting these viruses. Our study demonstrates how endogenous viral sequences can inform metagenomics-based virus discovery. In addition, it raises doubts about the role of cycloviruses as pathogens of humans and other vertebrates.IMPORTANCEAdvances in DNA sequencing have dramatically increased the rate at which new viruses are being identified. However, the host species associations of most virus sequences identified in metagenomic samples are difficult to determine. Our analysis indicates that viruses proposed to infect vertebrates (in some cases being linked to human disease) may in fact be restricted to arthropod hosts. The detection of these sequences in vertebrate samples may reflect their widespread presence in the environment as viruses of parasitic arthropods.