The erosion of citizenship.
The erosion of citizenship.
复制标题
公民身份的侵蚀。
DOI：
10.1080/00071310120044944
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Turner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Turner
马歇尔式的社会公民范式已经受到侵蚀，因为支持战后英国福利共识的社会和经济条件已经被经济和技术变革所改变。本文认为，有效的权利是建立在参与工作、战争和再生产的基础上的，由此产生了三种类型的社会身份：工人-公民、邻居-公民和父母-公民。劳动力的职业化和战争技术的发展削弱了工作和战争作为积极公民身份的途径。尽管婚姻和家庭作为一种制度发生了巨大变化，但通过生育进行的社会参与仍然很重要。事实上，新的生殖技术的发展加强了婚姻作为一种社会关系的规范主导地位。这些生育权被称为“生育公民权”。文章还认为，志愿协会在第三条道路战略中的作用是社会资本下降的社会凝聚力的来源，并认为志愿部门越来越多地受到积累的经济逻辑的驱动。随着国家公民权的削弱，马歇尔提出的三种形式的权利（法律的、政治的和社会的）又被全球性的权利，即环境权利、土著权利和文化权利所扩大。这是由全球对环境、社区和身体之间关系的关注所驱动的，对社会安全的追求已被对本体安全的关注所取代。
The Marshallian paradigm of social citizenship has been eroded because the social and economic conditions that supported postwar British welfare consensus have been transformed by economic and technological change. This article argues that effective entitlement was based on participation in work, war and reproduction, resulting in three types of social identity: worker-citizens, warrior-citizens and parent-citizens. The casualization of labour and the technological development of war have eroded work and war as routes to active citizenship. Social participation through reproduction remains important, despite massive changes to marriage and family as institutions. In fact the growth of new reproductive technologies have reinforced the normative dominance of marriage as a social relation. These rights of reproduction are described as 'reproductive citizenship'. The article also considers the role of voluntary associations in Third-Way strategies as sources of social cohesion in societies where social capital is in decline, and argues that the voluntary sector is increasingly driven by an economic logic of accumulation. With the erosion of national citizenship, Marshall's three forms of rights (legal, political and social) have been augmented by rights that are global, namely environmental, aboriginal and cultural rights. These are driven by global concerns about the relationship between environment, community and body such that the quest for social security has been replaced by concerns for ontological security.