Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Has Frequency-Dependent Effects on Motor Learning in Healthy Humans
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Has Frequency-Dependent Effects on Motor Learning in Healthy Humans
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.05.041
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发表时间：
2019-07-15
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Berardelli, Alfredo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bologna, Matteo;Guerra, Andrea;Berardelli, Alfredo
初级运动皮层（M1）在健康人的运动学习中起着重要的作用。然而，目前尚不清楚运动学习的机制是否包括M1振荡活动。在这项研究中，我们旨在测试经颅交流电刺激（tACS）在运动共振频率下的M1振荡是否对快速学习任务中的运动习得和保留有任何影响，并通过运动学分析进行评估。我们还测试了刺激是否影响运动学习后皮质脊髓兴奋性的变化。16名健康受试者参加了这项研究。参与者在三种实验条件下完成运动学习任务：假tacs（基线）、β - tacs和γ - tacs。在运动学习任务开始前和完成任务后5、15和30分钟分别用单脉冲TMS评估皮质脊髓兴奋性。在运动学习任务后30分钟进行运动保持测试。在训练过程中，练习动作的加速在基线条件下得到了改善，并且在30分钟后测试时仍然保持了增强的表现。训练过程中提供的β - tacs抑制了运动学习任务的习得。相反，在训练过程中，伽马- tacs略微提高了练习动作的加速度，但减少了运动保持。在训练结束时，皮质脊髓兴奋性在三次训练中都有类似的增加。这一结果与一种假设相一致，即通过tACS对M1的两种主要运动共振节律的携带对健康人的运动学习有不同的影响。然而，这些影响与皮质脊髓兴奋性的变化无关。(c) 2019 ibroElsevier Ltd.出版。版权所有。
It is well established that the primary motor cortex (M1) plays a significant role in motor learning in healthy humans. It is unclear, however, whether mechanisms of motor learning include M1 oscillatory activity. In this study, we aimed to test whether M1 oscillations, entrained by transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) at motor resonant frequencies, have any effect on motor acquisition and retention during a rapid learning task, as assessed by kinematic analysis. We also tested whether the stimulation influenced the corticospinal excitability changes after motor learning. Sixteen healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Participants performed the motor learning task in three experimental conditions: sham-tACS (baseline), (beta-tACS and gamma-tACS. Corticospinal excitability was assessed with single-pulse TMS before the motor learning task and 5, 15, and 30 min thereafter. Motor retention was tested 30 min after the motor learning task. During training, acceleration of the practiced movement improved in the baseline condition and the enhanced performance was retained when tested 30 min later. The beta-tACS delivered during training inhibited the acquisition of the motor learning task. Conversely, the gamma-tACS slightly improved the acceleration of the practiced movement during training but it reduced motor retention. At the end of training, corticospinal excitability had similarly increased in the three sessions. The results are compatible with the hypothesis that entrainment of the two major motor resonant rhythms through tACS over M1 has different effects on motor learning in healthy humans. The effects, however, were unrelated to corticospinal excitability changes. (C) 2019 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.