The impact of date palm fruits and their component polyphenols, on gut microbial ecology, bacterial metabolites and colon cancer cell proliferation
The impact of date palm fruits and their component polyphenols, on gut microbial ecology, bacterial metabolites and colon cancer cell proliferation
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DOI：
10.1017/jns.2014.16
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Spencer, Jeremy P. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eid, Noura;Enani, Sumia;Spencer, Jeremy P. E.
椰枣（Phoenix dactylifera L.）富含膳食纤维和多酚。我们研究了肠道细菌的变化诱导的整个枣果提取物（消化枣提取物; DDE）和其富含多酚的提取物（日期多酚提取物; DPE）使用粪便，pH值控制，混合分批培养模仿人类大肠的远端部分，并利用一系列的微生物组特异性16 S rRNA寡核苷酸探针。荧光显微镜计数表明，与单独使用DPE相比，两种处理均显着增加了双歧杆菌的生长，而全枣也增加了24小时的拟杆菌和稍后发酵时间点的细菌总数。全枣果实的细菌代谢导致SCFA的产生，与DDE细菌孵育后乙酸显着增加。此外，还观察到在不到1小时内产生类黄酮苷元（杨梅素、木犀草素、槲皮素和芹菜素）和花色素矮牵牛素。最后，研究了DDE、DPE和代谢产物抑制Caco-2细胞生长的潜力，表明在暴露48小时后，两者都能够在体外潜在地充当抗增殖剂。这种抑制生长的潜力在发酵后降低。总之，这些数据表明，食用枣果可以通过增加有益细菌的生长和抑制结肠癌细胞的增殖来增强结肠健康。这是一个早期的建议，即人类摄入的日期可能有助于维持肠道健康，甚至减少结直肠癌的发展。
The fruit of the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a rich source of dietary fibre and polyphenols. We have investigated gut bacterial changes induced by the whole date fruit extract (digested date extract; DDE) and its polyphenol-rich extract (date polyphenol extract; DPE) using faecal, pH-controlled, mixed batch cultures mimicking the distal part of the human large intestine, and utilising an array of microbial group-specific 16S rRNA oligonucleotide probes. Fluorescence microscopic enumeration indicated that there was a significant increase in the growth of bifidobacteria in response to both treatments, whilst whole dates also increased bacteroides at 24 h and the total bacterial counts at later fermentation time points when compared with DPE alone. Bacterial metabolism of whole date fruit led to the production of SCFA, with acetate significantly increasing following bacterial incubation with DDE. In addition, the production of flavonoid aglycones (myricetin, luteolin, quercetin and apigenin) and the anthocyanidin petunidin in less than 1 h was also observed. Lastly, the potential of DDE, DPE and metabolites to inhibit Caco-2 cell growth was investigated, indicating that both were capable of potentially acting as antiproliferative agents in vitro, following a 48 h exposure. This potential to inhibit growth was reduced following fermentation. Together these data suggest that consumption of date fruits may enhance colon health by increasing beneficial bacterial growth and inhibiting the proliferation of colon cancer cells. This is an early suggestion that date intake by humans may aid in the maintenance of bowel health and even the reduction of colorectal cancer development.