Water Vapor and Mechanical Work: A Comparison of Carnot and Steam Cycles
Water Vapor and Mechanical Work: A Comparison of Carnot and Steam Cycles
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DOI：
10.1175/2010jas3530.1
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
O. Pauluis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O. Pauluis
本文通过比较两种理想热机：卡诺循环和蒸汽循环，讨论了水蒸气对大气中动能产生的影响。蒸汽循环将水从温暖潮湿的水源输送到较冷的干燥器水槽。它就像一台热力发动机，其能量来源是蒸发的潜热。这里表明，由蒸汽循环产生的功的量取决于相对湿度，并且总是小于由相应的卡诺循环产生的功。卡诺循环和蒸汽循环可以组合成一个混合循环，该混合循环由热源处的显热和潜热加热强制。所做的工作取决于四个参数：总能量传输;能量源和能量汇之间的温差;测量显热和潜热传输之间的分配的鲍文比;以及大气的相对湿度。相对湿度对蒸汽循环所作功的作用在…
Abstract The impact of water vapor on the production of kinetic energy in the atmosphere is discussed here by comparing two idealized heat engines: the Carnot cycle and the steam cycle. A steam cycle transports water from a warm moist source to a colder dryer sink. It acts as a heat engine in which the energy source is the latent heat of evaporation. It is shown here that the amount of work produced by a steam cycle depends on relative humidity and is always less than that produced by the corresponding Carnot cycle. The Carnot and steam cycles can be combined into a mixed cycle that is forced by both sensible and latent heating at the warm source. The work performed depends on four parameters: the total energy transport; the temperature difference between the energy source and sink; the Bowen ratio, which measures the partitioning between the sensible and latent heat transports; and the relative humidity of the atmosphere. The role of relative humidity on the work produced by a steam cycle is discussed in...