Myosin motors in sensory hair bundle assembly.

Myosin motors in sensory hair bundle assembly.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ceb.2022.102132
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发表时间:
2022-12
影响因子:
7.5
通讯作者:
Bird, Jonathan E.
Bird, Jonathan E.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Moreland, Zane G.;Bird, Jonathan E.

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机械感觉发束是由基于肌动蛋白的立体纤毛组装而成的,立体纤毛从内耳毛细胞的顶端表面突出。立体纤毛结构对于声音和加速度的传递至关重要,而这些机械传感器中的结构缺陷是导致人类听力和平衡障碍的临床原因。非传统的肌球蛋白马达是组装和塑造立体纤毛结构的核心。带有MyTH4-ferm结构域的肌球蛋白马达亚群(MYO7A,MYO15A)在这些过程中特别重要,推测除了产生力量和张力外,还作为转运体运送结构和肌动蛋白调节的货物。在这篇综述中,我们总结了关于MYO7A和MYO15A如何运作以及它们的功能障碍如何导致立体纤毛病理的现有证据。我们进一步强调了MyTH4/FERM肌球蛋白家族的新特性,并推测这些新功能如何有助于机械敏感性的获得和维持。
Mechanosensory hair bundles are assembled from actin-based stereocilia that project from the apical surface of hair cells in the inner ear. Stereocilia architecture is critical for the transduction of sound and accelerations, and structural defects in these mechano-sensors are a clinical cause of hearing and balance disorders in humans. Unconventional myosin motors are central to the assembly and shaping of stereocilia architecture. A sub-group of myosin motors with MyTH4-FERM domains (MYO7A, MYO15A) are particularly important in these processes, and hypothesized to act as transporters delivering structural and actin-regulatory cargos, in addition to generating force and tension. In this review, we summarize existing evidence for how MYO7A and MYO15A operate and how their dysfunction leads to stereocilia pathology. We further highlight emerging properties of the MyTH4/FERM myosin family and speculate how these new functions might contribute towards the acquisition and maintenance of mechano-sensitivity.
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