Poly(amido amine) and calcium phosphate nanocomposite remineralization of dentin in acidic solution without calcium phosphate ions.
Poly(amido amine) and calcium phosphate nanocomposite remineralization of dentin in acidic solution without calcium phosphate ions.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dental.2017.04.016
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发表时间：
2017-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Liang;Han Zhou;M. Weir;C. Bao;M. Reynolds;Xuedong Zhou;Jiyao Li;H. Xu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Liang;Han Zhou;M. Weir;C. Bao;M. Reynolds;Xuedong Zhou;Jiyao Li;H. Xu
目的口腔干燥患者通常口腔环境酸性，缺乏唾液提供钙（Ca）和磷酸(P)离子。然而，目前还没有将样品置于不含Ca和P离子的酸性溶液中进行牙本质再矿化的研究。以前的研究使用唾液样溶液，pH值为中性，含有Ca和P离子。因此，本研究的目的是首次研究在无Ca和P离子的酸性溶液中，聚胺胺（PAMAM）与复合纳米颗粒无定形磷酸钙（NACP）结合对牙本质再矿化的新方法。方法将脱矿后的牙本质样品分为4组：(1)牙本质对照组，(2)PAMAM包被组，(3)NACP纳米复合材料组，(4)PAMAM + NACP复合材料组。样品用pH为4的乳酸处理21天，不含初始Ca和P离子。测定酸中和和钙、磷离子浓度。采用扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）和硬度测试对牙本质样品进行再矿化效果对比。结果snacp复合材料力学性能与商业对照材料相似（p < 0.01）。NACP复合材料中和酸并释放Ca和P离子。单用PAMAM不能诱导牙本质再矿化。单独NACP在21天实现了轻度再矿化，并略微增加了牙本质硬度（p < 0.1）。相比之下，PAMAM + NACP纳米复合方法在没有初始Ca和P离子的酸性溶液中可以使预脱矿牙本质重新矿化，使其硬度恢复到接近健康牙本质的水平（P > 0.1）。在没有初始Ca和P离子的pH为4的酸性环境中，首次证明了PAMAM + NACP对蛋白再矿化的作用，而传统的方法如PAMAM不起作用。新型PAMAM + NACP纳米复合方法有望保护牙齿结构，特别是对唾液减少的患者抑制龋齿。
ObjectivePatients with dry mouth often have an acidic oral environment lacking saliva that provides calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ions. However, there has been no study on dentin remineralization by placing samples in an acidic solution without Ca and P ions. Previous studies used saliva-like solutions with neutral pH and Ca and P ions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate a novel method of combining poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) with a composite of nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) on dentin remineralization in an acidic solution without Ca and P ions for the first time.MethodsDemineralized dentin specimens were tested into four groups: (1) dentin control, (2) dentin coated with PAMAM, (3) dentin with NACP nanocomposite, (4) dentin with PAMAM plus NACP composite. Specimens were treated with lactic acid at pH 4 without initial Ca and P ions for 21 days. Acid neutralization and Ca and P ion concentrations were measured. Dentin specimens were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and hardness testing vs. remineralization efficacy.ResultsNACP composite had mechanical properties similar to commercial control composites (p > 0.1). NACP composite neutralized acid and released Ca and P ions. PAMAM alone failed to induce dentin remineralization. NACP alone achieved mild remineralization and slightly increased dentin hardness at 21 days (p > 0.1). In contrast, the PAMAM + NACP nanocomposite method in acid solution without initial Ca and P ions greatly remineralized the pre-demineralized dentin, restoring its hardness to approach that of healthy dentin (p > 0.1).SignificanceDentin remineralization via PAMAM + NACP in pH 4 acid without initial Ca and P ions was demonstrated for the first time, when conventional methods such as PAMAM did not work. The novel PAMAM + NACP nanocomposite method is promising to protect tooth structures, especially for patients with reduced saliva to inhibit caries.