Sex under the influence: The effect of alcohol policy on sexually transmitted disease rates in the United States
Sex under the influence: The effect of alcohol policy on sexually transmitted disease rates in the United States
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DOI：
10.1086/467453
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发表时间：
2000-04-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Kassler, WJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chesson, H;Harrison, P;Kassler, WJ
本文提出的证据表明，性传播疾病（STD）的发病率是对酒精税和饮酒年龄的增加。假设的关系是，更严格的酒精政策减少了酒精消费，这反过来又减少了危险的性活动。对1981 ~ 1995年州酒精税性病发病率的简化回归分析（控制了州和年份）表明，每加仑酒税增加1美元，淋病发病率降低2.1%，啤酒税每六包增加0.20美元，淋病发病率降低8.9%，对梅毒发病率的影响相似，但更为明显。对酒精政策变化的准实验分析支持这些发现，并提供证据表明，饮酒年龄的增加降低了青年人的性病发病率。酒精所致性传播疾病的外部成本估计每年超过5.56亿美元，这是确定最佳酒精政策时可以考虑的一个因素。
This article presents evidence that sexually transmitted disease (STD) rates are responsive to increases in alcohol taxes and in the drinking age. The presumed relationship is that a more restrictive alcohol policy reduces alcohol consumption, which in turn decreases risky sexual activity. Reduced-form regressions of STD rates on state alcohol taxes for the years 1981-95 (with controls for state and year) indicate that a $1 increase in the per-gallon liquor tax reduces gonorrhea rates by 2.1 percent, and a beer tax increase of $.20 per six-pack reduces gonorrhea rates by 8.9 percent, with similar though more pronounced effects on syphilis rates. Quasi-experimental analysis of alcohol policy changes supports these findings and offers evidence that increases in the drinking age reduce STD rates among youth. The estimated external cost of alcohol-attributable STDs exceeds $556 million annually, a factor that could be considered in determining optimal alcohol policy.