ON THE TRANSFER OF INFORMATION FROM TEMPORARY TO PERMANENT MEMORY
ON THE TRANSFER OF INFORMATION FROM TEMPORARY TO PERMANENT MEMORY
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1983.0059
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发表时间：
1983-01-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
CRAIK, FIM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CRAIK, FIM
在记忆研究中，信息从临时存储转移到永久存储是一个普遍的想法。在这篇文章中，有人认为，这种想法是不必要的和误导。将复述时间与随后的记忆表现联系起来的功能有多种形式，这首先取决于复述过程中进行的编码过程的定性性质，其次取决于提取过程与初始编码的兼容性。记忆可能在很大程度上取决于初始编码的深度和精细程度，在老年人和分散注意力的条件下发现的记忆缺陷反映了对材料的理解受损。痴呆患者表现出足够的理解力，但记忆力差，这表明一些生理过程的巩固也可能参与正常的学习和记忆。
The idea that information is transferred from temporary to permanent storage is a pervasive one in memory research. In this article it is argued that the idea is unnecessary and misleading. Functions relating rehearsal time to subsequent memory performance take a variety of forms, depending 1st on the qualatitive nature of the encoding processes carried out during rehearsal, and 2nd on the compatibility of retrieval processes with the initial encoding. Memory may be largely a function of depth and elaboration of the initial encoding, and the memory deficits found in elderly people and under conditions of divided attention reflect impaired comprehension of the material. Amnesic patients exhibit adequate comprehension yet poor memory, suggesting that some physiological process of consolidation may also be involved in normal learning and remembering.