Marriage Markets and Intermarriage: Exchange in First Marriages and Remarriages
Marriage Markets and Intermarriage: Exchange in First Marriages and Remarriages
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DOI：
10.1007/s13524-018-0671-x
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Lichter, Daniel T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qian, Zhenchao;Lichter, Daniel T.
根据美国社区调查的数据，我们比较了初婚、再婚和混合婚姻中的自愿交配模式。我们确定了一些归因和实现的特性，被视为可用于交换的资源，作为补充和替代。我们应用条件logit模型，以显示如何在从未结过婚和以前结过婚的人之间的选择性交配的模式受到当地的婚姻市场的机会和限制。结果显示，以前结过婚的人“撒了一张更大的网”：再婚的配偶配对比初婚的配偶配对更杂。然而，婚姻杂婚反映在权衡的系统证据中，表明婚姻秩序（即，从未结婚的状态）是一个有价值的交换特征。从未结过婚的人比以前结过婚的人更有能力嫁给更有吸引力的婚姻伴侣，不同的衡量标准（例如，受过高等教育的伙伴）。以前结过婚的人，尤其是女性，在婚姻市场上处于不利地位，面临着潜在结婚对象的人口短缺。婚姻市场的制约因素在人口方面表现为再婚率低和异性恋的择偶模式，在这种模式下，以前结过婚的伴侣往往用从未结过婚的人取代婚姻中其他有价值的特征。
Drawing on data from the American Community Survey, we compare patterns of assortative mating in first marriages, remarriages, and mixed-order marriages. We identify a number of ascribed and achieved characteristics that are viewed as resources available for exchange, both as complements and substitutes. We apply conditional logit models to show how patterns of assortative mating among never-married and previously married persons are subject to local marriage market opportunities and constraints. The results reveal that previously married individuals "cast a wider net": spousal pairings are more heterogamous among remarriages than among first marriages. Marital heterogamy, however, is reflected in systematic evidence of trade-offs showing that marriage order (i.e., status of being never-married) is a valued trait for exchange. Never-married persons are better positioned than previously married persons to marry more attractive marital partners, variously measured (e.g., highly educated partners). Previously married persons-especially women-are disadvantaged in the marriage market, facing demographic shortages of potential partners to marry. Marriage market constraints take demographic expression in low remarriage rates and in heterogamous patterns of mate selection in which previously married partners often substitute other valued characteristics in marriage with never-married persons.