An integrative regional resilience framework for the changing urban water paradigm
An integrative regional resilience framework for the changing urban water paradigm
复制标题
针对不断变化的城市水范式的综合区域复原力框架
DOI：
10.1016/j.scs.2017.01.012
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
11.7
通讯作者：
N. Ajami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Gonzales;N. Ajami
水行业正在经历一场范式转变。许多社区正在采用分散的解决方案，如水的再利用和回收、雨水收集和需求方管理，以应对由于人口增长、经济增长、气候多变性加剧以及环境问题而带来的短期和长期水资源挑战。要使这些项目具有可持续性，就必须在规划过程中考虑到当地的特点，包括社会和体制背景。本文提出了一个灵活的和自下而上的框架，有利于整合这些特点的各种水资源管理战略的评价。它包含了各种地方驱动的因素，如水的利用效率，对现有供应的压力，以及适应能力的潜力，以确定各种地方和区域解决方案如何影响公用事业和区域层面的复原力。这一框架没有界定自上而下的抗御力标准，而是纳入了定量和定性评估，可帮助决策者根据特定地点或社区的需要和机会调整适应措施。该框架在旧金山弗朗西斯科湾区的应用案例研究突出了如何利用社区一级的特点来确定机会和适应战略，以提高地方和集体的水资源复原力。
The water sector is going through a paradigm shift. Many communities are incorporating decentralized solutions such as water reuse and recycling, stormwater capture, and demand-side management in order to address both short-term and long-term water resources challenges due to population increase, economic growth, intensified climate variability, as well as environmental concerns. For these projects to be sustainable, local characteristics including social and institutional contexts must be incorporated in the planning process. This paper presents a flexible and bottom-up framework that facilitates integration of such characteristics in evaluation of various water resource management strategies. It incorporates various locally-driven factors such as water use efficiency, stress on existing supplies, and adaptation capacity potential, to identify how various local and regional solutions affect resiliency at the utility and regional levels. Rather than defining top-down resilience standards, this framework incorporates quantitative and qualitative assessments that can help decision-makers tailor adaptation measures to the needs and opportunities of a given location or community. A case study application of the framework in the San Francisco Bay Area highlights how community-level characteristics can be used to identify opportunities and adaptation strategies in order to enhance both local and collective water resource resiliency.