Frequency of recent cocaine and alcohol use affects drug craving and associated responses to stress and drug-related cues
Frequency of recent cocaine and alcohol use affects drug craving and associated responses to stress and drug-related cues
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2005.05.002
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sinha, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fox, HC;Talih, M;Sinha, R
理由：众所周知，压力会增加药物依赖者的药物渴望、相关的生理唤醒和复发风险。然而，目前尚不清楚这些反应是否会因最近的吸毒频率而改变。目前的研究检查了可卡因和酒精滥用的频率是否会改变对药物的渴望以及与实验室暴露于压力和药物相关线索相关的兴奋。方法：54 名最近戒断寻求治疗的可卡因滥用者参与了一项关于压力和药物渴望的研究，根据他们最近使用可卡因的情况将其分为高频使用者和低频使用者。高使用可卡因组还比低使用可卡因组消耗了更多的酒精。参与者接受了一个简短的 5 分钟引导想象程序，其中包括想象最近的个人压力情况、个人药物相关情况和中性放松情况，在不同的日子里以随机顺序呈现一个想象过程。对主观（渴望和焦虑）、心血管（心率、收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP））和生化（促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、皮质醇、protactin）测量进行了评估。结果：与两次频率滥用者相比，高频滥用者表现出明显更大的药物渴望、焦虑以及相关的心血管和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）对压力和药物提示暴露的反应。结论：最近使用可卡因和酒精的频率增加与压力和提示诱发的药物渴望和唤醒反应增强有关，这似乎与可卡因的作用相似，并且可能会增加寻求药物行为和兴奋的可能性。药物依赖者的复发。 (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Rationale: Stress is known to increase drug craving, associated physiological arousal and risk of relapse in drug dependent individuals. However, it is unclear whether these responses are altered by recent frequency of drug use. The current study examined whether frequency of cocaine and alcohol abuse alters drug craving and associated arousal with laboratory exposure to stress and to drug related cues. Methods: Fifty-four recently abstinent treatment-seeking cocaine abusers who were part of a study on stress and drug craving were categorized into high- and low-frequency users on the basis of their recent cocaine use. The high use cocaine group also consumed significantly more alcohol than the low use cocaine group. Participants were exposed to a brief 5-min guided imagery procedure that involved imagining a recent personal stressful situation, a personal drug-retated situation and a neutral-relaxing situation, one imagery session on separate days presented in random order. Subjective (craving and anxiety), cardiovascular (heart rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)) and biochemical (adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, protactin) measures were assessed. Results: High-frequency abusers demonstrated a significantly greater drug craving, anxiety and associated cardiovascular and hypothatamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) response to both stress and drug-cue exposure as compared to tow-frequency abusers.Conclusions: Increased frequency of recent cocaine and alcohol use is associated with an enhanced stress and cue-induced drug craving and arousal response that appears to be similar to the effects of cocaine, and one that may increase the vulnerability to drug-seeking behavior and relapse in drug dependent individuals. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.