Sleep disturbances in autism spectrum disorder: Animal models, neural mechanisms, and therapeutics.
Sleep disturbances in autism spectrum disorder: Animal models, neural mechanisms, and therapeutics.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nbscr.2023.100095
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发表时间：
2023-05
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睡眠对大脑发育至关重要。睡眠障碍在自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童中很普遍。引人注目的是，这些睡眠问题与ASD核心症状的严重程度呈正相关，如社交技能和刻板行为的缺陷，这表明睡眠问题和ASD的行为特征可能相关。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论ASD儿童的睡眠障碍，并强调小鼠模型来研究ASD的睡眠障碍和行为表型。此外，我们将回顾控制睡眠和觉醒的神经调节剂，以及这些神经调节系统如何在动物模型和ASD患者中被破坏。最后，我们将讨论ASD患者的治疗干预如何改善睡眠的各个方面。总之，获得对ASD儿童睡眠障碍潜在神经机制的机械见解将有助于我们开发更好的治疗干预措施。睡眠障碍在ASD儿童中普遍存在，并且与ASD核心症状的严重程度呈正相关。小鼠模型是了解ASD睡眠障碍和相关症状的机制的有效工具。阐明ASD睡眠问题背后的神经调节机制将为新的治疗策略提供见解。
Sleep is crucial for brain development. Sleep disturbances are prevalent in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Strikingly, these sleep problems are positively correlated with the severity of ASD core symptoms such as deficits in social skills and stereotypic behavior, indicating that sleep problems and the behavioral characteristics of ASD may be related. In this review, we will discuss sleep disturbances in children with ASD and highlight mouse models to study sleep disturbances and behavioral phenotypes in ASD. In addition, we will review neuromodulators controlling sleep and wakefulness and how these neuromodulatory systems are disrupted in animal models and patients with ASD. Lastly, we will address how the therapeutic interventions for patients with ASD improve various aspects of sleep. Together, gaining mechanistic insights into the neural mechanisms underlying sleep disturbances in children with ASD will help us to develop better therapeutic interventions. Sleep disturbances are prevalent in children with ASD and are positively correlated with the severity of ASD core symptoms. Mouse models are valid tools to understand the mechanisms underlying sleep disturbances and related symptoms in ASD. Elucidating neuromodulatory mechanisms underlying sleep problems in ASD will offer insights to novel therapeutic strategies.