Effect of a synbiotic on the response to seasonal influenza vaccination is strongly influenced by degree of immunosenescence.
Effect of a synbiotic on the response to seasonal influenza vaccination is strongly influenced by degree of immunosenescence.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12979-016-0061-4
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yaqoob P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Przemska-Kosicka A;Childs CE;Enani S;Maidens C;Dong H;Dayel IB;Tuohy K;Todd S;Gosney MA;Yaqoob P
老龄化增加了呼吸道感染的风险，并削弱了对流感疫苗接种的反应。益生菌和益生菌提供了一个机会，通过改变肠道微生物群来调节抗病毒防御和对疫苗接种的反应。研究了一种新型益生菌长双歧杆菌Bifidobacterium longum bv.婴儿CCUG 52，486，结合益生元葡萄糖低聚糖（B. longum + Gl-OS），在双盲、随机对照试验中对年轻和老年受试者中季节性流感疫苗接种的应答，考虑了基线时免疫衰老标志物的影响。接种疫苗导致总抗体滴度、疫苗特异性伊加、IgM和IgG以及对年轻和老年受试者中疫苗所有三个亚单位的血清保护显著增加，一般而言，年轻受试者的增加更大。合生素的作用很小，尽管它倾向于减少老年受试者对疫苗的布里斯班亚单位的血清转化和疫苗特异性IgG应答。免疫学特征显示，与随机分配到安慰剂组的受试者相比，随机分配到合生元组的老年受试者在基线时衰老（CD 28 − CD 57+）辅助T细胞的数量显著更高，他们的抗CMV IgG血浆水平也显著更高，CMV血清阳性倾向更大。此外，较高数量的CD 28 − CD 57+辅助性T细胞与布里斯班血清转化失败相关，这强烈表明随机分配到合生元组的受试者与随机分配到安慰剂组的受试者相比，在对疫苗的可能应答能力方面已经处于显著劣势。老龄化与老年受试者对流感疫苗接种的抗体反应明显受损有关，合生元未能逆转这种损害。然而，随机分配到合生元组的老年受试者处于明显的劣势，因为与随机分配到安慰剂组的受试者相比，基线时的免疫敏感程度更高。因此，随机化组之间免疫衰老的基线差异可能影响干预的结果，突出了在干预之前对受试者进行详细免疫学表征的必要性。Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01066377。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12979-016-0061-4）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Ageing increases risk of respiratory infections and impairs the response to influenza vaccination. Pre- and probiotics offer an opportunity to modulate anti-viral defenses and the response to vaccination via alteration of the gut microbiota. This study investigated the effect of a novel probiotic, Bifidobacterium longum bv. infantis CCUG 52,486, combined with a prebiotic, gluco-oligosaccharide (B. longum + Gl-OS), on the response to seasonal influenza vaccination in young and older subjects in a double-blind, randomized controlled trial, taking into account the influence of immunosenescence markers at baseline. Vaccination resulted in a significant increase in total antibody titres, vaccine-specific IgA, IgM and IgG and seroprotection to all three subunits of the vaccine in both young and older subjects, and in general, the increases in young subjects were greater. There was little effect of the synbiotic, although it tended to reduce seroconversion to the Brisbane subunit of the vaccine and the vaccine-specific IgG response in older subjects. Immunological characterization revealed that older subjects randomized to the synbiotic had a significantly higher number of senescent (CD28−CD57+) helper T cells at baseline compared with those randomized to the placebo, and they also had significantly higher plasma levels of anti-CMV IgG and a greater tendency for CMV seropositivity. Moreover, higher numbers of CD28−CD57+ helper T cells were associated with failure to seroconvert to Brisbane, strongly suggesting that the subjects randomized to the synbiotic were already at a significant disadvantage in terms of likely ability to respond to the vaccine compared with those randomized to the placebo. Ageing was associated with marked impairment of the antibody response to influenza vaccination in older subjects and the synbiotic failed to reverse this impairment. However, the older subjects randomized to the synbiotic were at a significant disadvantage due to a greater degree of immunosenscence at baseline compared with those randomized to the placebo. Thus, baseline differences in immunosenescence between the randomized groups are likely to have influenced the outcome of the intervention, highlighting the need for detailed immunological characterization of subjects prior to interventions. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01066377. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12979-016-0061-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.