A new race of sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana) with a wider host range due to changes in seed response to strigolactones
A new race of sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana) with a wider host range due to changes in seed response to strigolactones
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DOI：
10.1017/wsc.2019.73
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Hershenhorn, Joseph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dor, Evgenia;Plakhine, Dina;Hershenhorn, Joseph
列当科列当属（Orobanchaceae）列当属（Orobanche）和列当属（Escherichiaceae）列当属（Escherichiaceae）列当属（Escherichiaceae）列当属（Escherichiaceae）列当属（Orobanche）是双子叶植物的专性根寄生虫。这一分类群包括七种农作物的杂草寄生虫，它们损害蔬菜、向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.）和豆类。加工番茄最近在以色列的农田中发现了一种新的肉苁蓉，最初被鉴定为点头肉苁蓉（Orobanche cernua Loefl.）。基于其宿主。然而，其形态类似于密切相关的向日葵列当（列当库马纳Wallr.），向日葵的专性寄生物。新小种（CUCE）寄生在向日葵、番茄和烟草上。在体外，在聚乙烯袋系统和罐中。其种子萌发对独脚金内酯（列当醇、5-脱氧独脚金醇、2 '-表列当醇和GR 24）和去氢木香内酯（DCL）有反应;库马纳种子仅对DCL和GR 24有反应，O. cernua仅限于独脚金内酯。基于与O.库马纳与O.库马纳、对向日葵的寄生能力和对向日葵种子萌发刺激物的反应能力等，表明CUCE是向日葵小蜂的一个新小种。库马纳，寄主范围扩大到茄科作物。作为向日葵的重要有害杂草，该新O.库马纳族目前正在蔓延，并对以色列的加工番茄构成威胁。这一发现是一个令人担忧的迹象，表明扫帚可以转移寄主范围，并在新的物种中发现类似的O。库马纳可能出现在其他国家。
Broomrapes (Orobanche and Phelipanche species, Orobanchaceae) are obligate root parasites of dicotyledonous plants. This taxonomic group includes seven weedy parasites of agricultural crops that damage vegetables, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), and legumes. Processing-tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fields in Israel have been recently found infested with a new broomrape, first identified as nodding broomrape (Orobanche cernua Loefl.) based on its host. However, its morphology resembled the closely related sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.), an obligate parasite of sunflower. The new race (CUCE) parasitized sunflower, tomato, and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in vitro, in a polyethylene bag system and in pots. Its seeds germinated in response to strigolactones (orobanchol, 5-deoxystrigol, 2 '-epiorobanchol, and GR24) and dehydrocostus lactone (DCL), whereas O. cumana seeds responded only to DCL and GR24, and O. cernua only to strigolactones. Based on morphological similarities with O. cumana, shared molecular markers with O. cumana, ability to parasitize sunflower and respond to sunflower-germination stimulants, it was concluded that CUCE is a new race of O. cumana, with a host range expanding to Solanaceae crops. While being an important noxious weed of sunflower, this new O. cumana race is currently spreading and posing a threat to processing tomato in Israel. This finding is an alarming indication that broomrapes can shift host range and that similar new races of O. cumana could potentially appear in other countries.