Neural Control of Hand Muscles During Prehension
Neural Control of Hand Muscles During Prehension
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DOI：
10.1007/978-0-387-77064-2_31
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Santello, Marco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Johnston, Jamie A.;Winges, Sara A.;Santello, Marco
在过去的二十年里，大量的研究已经成功地表征了物体抓取和操纵的动力学和运动学的重要特征，为中枢神经系统（CNS）如何控制手，最复杂的运动系统之一，在各种行为中提供了重要的见解。在这一章中，我们简要回顾了手的运动学和动力学的研究，并强调他们的主要发现和开放的问题。这一章的主要重点是对神经控制的手，一个目标，一直追求的研究油肌电图（EMG）的手肌肉。在这里，我们回顾了通过不同但互补的方法学方法所学到的东西。特别是，对单个运动单元活动的研究揭示了手部肌肉内和手部肌肉之间的共同神经输入的分布可能反映了肌肉对特定的组织。对运动单位群体的研究揭示了肌肉活动的重要协同模式，同时也揭示了神经耦合的肌肉对特定模式。最后，我们总结了最近的模拟研究的结果，旨在结合单一和多个单位的记录，以最大限度地提高信息量，可以从肌电信号分析中提取的优势。
In the past two decades a large number of studies have successfully characterized important features of the kinetics and kinematics of object grasping and manipulation, providing significant insight into how the Central Nervous System (CNS) controls the hand, one of the most complex motor systems, in a variety of behaviors. In this chapter we briefly review studies of hand kinematics and kinetics and highlight their major findings and open questions. The major focus of this chapter is on the neural control of the hand, an objective that has been pursued by studies oil electromyography (EMG) of hand muscles. Here we review what has been learned through different yet complementary methodological approaches. In particular, the study of single motor unit activity has revealed how the distribution of common neural input within and across hand muscles might reflect a muscle-pair specific organization. Studies of motor unit population have revealed important synergistic patterns of muscle activity while also revealing muscle-pair specific patterns of neural coupling. We conclude the chapter with the results of recent simulation studies aiming at combining advantages of single and multi-unit recordings to maximize the amount of information that can be extracted from EMG signal analysis.