Immunology of diabetic and polyglandular neuropathy.
Immunology of diabetic and polyglandular neuropathy.
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糖尿病和多腺神经病的免疫学。
DOI：
10.1002/dmr.5610060304
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rabinowe,SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rabinowe,SL
认识到I型糖尿病是一种自身免疫性疾病，并且胰岛表达的一些抗原（例如，特异性神经节苷脂、谷氨酸脱羧酶）在神经系统中表达，这引起了人们对寻找导致”糖尿病”神经病变的免疫因素的兴趣。14抗神经元自身抗体并非糖尿病或糖尿病相关神经病变所独有。抗神经元自身抗体见于多种综合征，如IgM、IgG和伊加副蛋白血症;僵硬人综合征;格林-巴利综合征;慢性炎性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病;多发性硬化症;帕金森病和系统性红斑狼疮。代谢和血管因素可能参与糖尿病神经功能障碍的发生。醛糖还原酶存在于植物神经和躯体神经中，在神经病变的发生发展中起重要作用。此外，与糖尿病相关的神经病变是否仅仅是由于高血糖介导的作用，或者它是否是与其他遗传或致病因素起重要作用的相关缺陷，这一点从未得到解决。38越来越多的证据表明，自身免疫过程作为糖尿病的标志物和/或产生糖尿病的一些并发症。自身抗体也不是”自身免疫”疾病所独有的。它们可能发生在创伤和恶性肿瘤的病例中。自身免疫现象如自身抗体可能继发于其他形式的组织损伤的可能性不能轻易排除。与此相反，在某些研究中，糖尿病患者自身抗体产生的唯一途径是在高血糖症发作前存在自身抗体。此外，本发明还提供了一种方法，
The realization that type I diabetes is an autoimmune disease and that some of the antigens expressed by islets (eg, specific gangliosides, glutamic acid decarboxylase) are expressed in the nervous system has generated interest in searching for immunologic factors contributing to" diabetic" neuropathy. 14 Anti-neuronal autoantibodies are not unique to diabetes mellitus or diabetes associated neuropathy. Anti-neuronal autoantibodies are found in such seemingly diverse syndromes as IgM, IgG, and IgA paraproteinemias; stiff man syndrome; Guillain-Barre syndrome; chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy; multiple sclerosis; Parkinson's disease; and systemic lupus erythemato~ is.~-~*,~,~~-~~ Metabolic and vascular factors may be involved in diabetic nerve dysf~ nction.~~-~~ Aldose reductase has been shown to be present in both autonomic and somatic nerves and may play a significant role in the development of neur~ pathy.~~~~ In addition, it has never been resolved whether the neuropathy associated with diabetes mellitus is due solely to hyperglycemic mediated effects or whether it is an associated defect with other genetic or causative factors playing an important role. 38 Increasing evidence is emerging regarding the role of an autoimmune process as a marker of and/or generating some complications of diabetes. 39 Autoantibodies are also not unique to" autoimmune" diseases. They may occur in cases of trauma and rnalignan~ y.~~,~~ The possibility that autoimmune phenomena such as autoantibodies may be secondary to other forms of tissue damage cannot be easily dismissed. Against this being the sole means of autoantibody generation in diabetics is the presence of autoantibodies before the onset of hyperglycemia in some st~ dies.~~,~~ In addition,