Neighborhood environment and opportunity to use cocaine and other drugs in late childhood and early adolescence
Neighborhood environment and opportunity to use cocaine and other drugs in late childhood and early adolescence
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DOI：
10.1016/s0376-8716(96)01298-7
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发表时间：
1996-12-11
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Anthony, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crum, RM;LillieBlanton, M;Anthony, JC
我们假设，邻里的劣势可能是“暴露机会”的决定因素，是开始非法使用毒品的中间步骤。为了验证这一假设，我们分析了1992年收集的自我报告数据，这些数据是通过对1416名城市居住中学参与者进行纵向实地研究的保密访谈获得的。在这个流行病学样本中，50名青年说有人主动提供给他们服用可卡因或吸食快克的机会; 395名青年提供了烟草; 429名青年提供了酒精。使用多元逻辑回归保持恒定的等级，性别，少数民族地位和同龄人的药物使用，我们发现邻里劣势和接触可卡因之间存在中度有效的关联：与相对贫困的社区相比，生活在最贫困社区（最高三分位数）的青少年获得可卡因的可能性估计为5.6倍（P = 0.001）。相比之下，烟草暴露机会（比值比，OR = 1.7，P = 0.004）和酒精暴露机会（OR = 1.9，P = 0.0005）的相关性较弱，但具有统计学意义。未来的研究将阐明导致非法药物使用的途径邻里劣势的病因学意义。
We hypothesized that neighborhood disadvantage might function as a determinant of 'exposure opportunity', an intermediate step on a path toward starting to use drugs illicitly. Testing this hypothesis, we analyzed self-report data gathered in 1992 by means of confidential interviews with 1416 urban-dwelling middle-school participants in a longitudinal field study. Within this epidemiologic sample, 50 youths said that someone actively had offered them a chance to take cocaine or smoke crack; tobacco had been offered to 395 youths; alcohol to 429 youths. Using multiple logistic regression to hold constant grade, sex, minority status, and peer drug use, we found a moderately potent association between neighborhood disadvantage and exposure to cocaine: youths living in the most disadvantaged neighborhoods (highest tertile) were an estimated 5.6 times more likely to have been offered cocaine, as compared to those in relatively advantaged neighborhoods (P = 0.001). By comparison, there were weaker but statistically significant associations involving tobacco exposure opportunity (odds ratio, OR = 1.7, P = 0.004) and alcohol exposure opportunity (OR = 1.9, P = 0.0005). Future research will clarify the etiologic significance of neighborhood disadvantage in pathways leading toward illicit drug use.