Properties of a toxin from the sea anemone Stoichacis helianthus, including specific binding to sphingomyelin.
Properties of a toxin from the sea anemone Stoichacis helianthus, including specific binding to sphingomyelin.
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海葵 Stoichacis helianthus 毒素的特性，包括与鞘磷脂的特异性结合。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1976
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
L. S. Avigad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. W. Bernheimer;L. S. Avigad
对一种可能来源于线虫囊的蛋白质——向日葵毒进行了纯化。它的分子量约为16000，等电pH值为9.8，碳水化合物含量约为3.7%。它对来自多种动物物种的红细胞有强大的溶血作用，猫的红细胞最敏感，豚鼠的红细胞最耐药。这种毒素对兔子的血小板也有溶解作用，它能破坏培养的成纤维细胞，但对几种细菌原生质体和球质体没有活性。溶血活性被鞘磷脂特异性地抑制，并提出这种磷脂是作为毒素受体的膜的成分。支持证据包括已知破坏鞘磷脂的酶(a)阻止红细胞膜抑制溶血，(b)使红细胞抵抗毒素的溶解。溶血的机制可能与鞘磷脂膜的易位有关，这是由于腔肠动物蛋白对这种磷脂具有特定的亲和力。
Stoichactis helianthus toxin, a protein derived presumably from the nematocysts, was purified to homogeneity. It has a molecular weight of about 16,000, an isoelectric pH of 9.8, and it contains approximately 3.7% carbohydrate. It is powerfully hemolytic for erythrocytes derived from a variety of animal species, those of the cat being the most sensitive and those of the guinea pig the most resistant. The toxin is lytic also for rabbit blood platelets, and it destroys cultured fibroblasts but is inactive for several kinds of bacterial protoplasts and spheroplasts. The hemolytic activity is specifically inhibited by sphingomyelin, and it is proposed that this phospholipid is the constituent of the membrane which functions as receptor for the toxin. Supporting evidence includes the findings that enzymes known to destroy sphingomyelin (a) prevent erythrocyte membranes from inhibiting hemolysis, and (b) render erythrocytes resistant to lysis by the toxin. The mechanism underlying hemolysis may involve translocation of membrane sphingomyelin by virtue of a specific affinity of the coelenterate protein for this phospholipid.