Ethnic differences - Word descriptors used by African-American and white asthma patients during induced bronchoconstriction
Ethnic differences - Word descriptors used by African-American and white asthma patients during induced bronchoconstriction
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DOI：
10.1378/chest.117.4.935
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发表时间：
2000-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.6
通讯作者：
Boushey, HA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hardie, GE;Janson, S;Boushey, HA
研究目标：确定非裔美国人和白人哮喘患者（1）在描述呼吸困难的词语上是否存在差异，以及（2）对呼吸困难的感知是否存在差异。设计：描述性：横断面设计。 设置和参与者：研究设置位于北加州，一个种族和经济多元化的地区。共有 32 名受试者，每组 16 名，完成了研究。测量结果：所有受试者的氯化乙酰甲胆碱激发浓度导致 FEV1 (PC30) 下降 30% 小于或等于 8 mg/mL。进行了系列肺功能测试。使用博格量表和视觉模拟量表测量呼吸困难。通过开放式词语描述问卷来测量词语描述。结果：PC30 中用于描述呼吸困难感觉的词语存在显着的种族差异。非裔美国人使用上呼吸道词语描述：喉咙紧 (p < 0.0004)、害怕激动 (p < 0.006)、声音紧张 (p < 0.04)、喉咙发痒 (p < 0.03) 和呼吸困难 (p < 0.04)。白人使用下呼吸道或胸壁症状描述：深呼吸（p < 0.03）、头晕（p < 0.03）、呼吸困难（p < 0.01）、呼吸困难（p < 0.03）和呼吸疼痛（p < 0.06）。此外，非裔美国人需要明显较小的乙酰甲胆碱剂量（44.3%（平均））才能达到 PC30（p < 0.02）。结论：这项研究提供了有关种族和用于描述气流阻塞期间呼吸困难的词语的宝贵新信息。患有哮喘的非裔美国人主要使用上呼吸道词语描述；白人使用下呼吸道或胸部购物中心的词语描述。有效的症状监测需要提出正确的问题，并意识到用于描述呼吸困难的词语可能存在种族差异。
Study objectives: To determine if African-American and white patients with asthma (1) differ in the words they use to describe their breathlessness, and (2) differ in their perception of breathlessness. Design: Descriptive: cross-sectional design.Setting and participants: The study setting was located in Northern California, an ethnically and economically diverse area, A total of 32 subjects, 16 per group, completed the study.Measurements: All had a provocation concentration of methacholine chloride causing a 30% fall in FEV1 (PC30) Of less than or equal to 8 mg/mL. Serial pulmonary function testing was performed. Breathlessness was measured using the Borg scale and the visual analog scale. Word descriptors were measured by an open-ended word descriptor questionnaire,Results: Significant ethnic differences in the words used to describe the sensation of breathlessness were present at PC30. African Americans used upper airway word descriptors: tight throat (p < 0.0004), scared-agitated (p < 0.006), voice tight (p < 0.04), itchy throat (p < 0.03), and tough breath (p < 0.04). Whites used lower airway or chest-wall symptom descriptors: deep breath (p < 0.03), lightheaded (p < 0.03), out of air (p < 0.01), aware of breathing (p < 0.03), and hurts to breathe (p < 0.06). In addition, African Americans required a significantly smaller, 44.3% (mean), dose of methacholine to achieve PC30 (p < 0.02).Conclusion: This study provides valuable new information about ethnicity and the words used to describe breathlessness during airflow obstruction. Asthmatic African Americans used primarily upper airway word descriptors; whites used lower airway or chest-mall word descriptors. Effective symptom monitoring requires asking the correct question and awareness that ethnic differences in the words used to describe breathlessness may exist.