SnLi4.4 nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon matrix as high performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries

SnLi4.4 nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon matrix as high performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries
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封装在碳基体中的 SnLi4.4 纳米粒子作为高性能锂离子电池负极材料

DOI:
10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.07.020
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发表时间:
2014-10
期刊:
影响因子:
17.6
通讯作者:
Lixin Chen
Lixin Chen
中科院分区:
材料科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xinhua Wang;Shouquan Li;Hongwei Ge;Lixin Chen

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采用感应熔炼和简单球磨相结合的方法合成了纳米级SnLi4.4@C核壳结构复合材料,其中纳米SnLi4.4粒子均匀分散并包裹在碳基质中。当作为锂离子电池负极材料时,该复合材料在200 mA/−1下循环200次后的可逆容量为680 mA/g−1。即使在5000 mA/g−1的高倍率下也能获得310 mA/g−1的容量。优异的电化学性能归因于预锂化的SnLi4.4在随后的脱锂和锂化过程中不会对碳基质施加任何膨胀应力,从而保证了复合材料在长时间循环中的持续完整性。碳基质为Li+离子和电子在复合材料内部提供了连续的传输路径。同时,碳可以充分防止锡纳米粒子在长时间循环时的解体和聚集。本研究有效地克服了锡相关纳米复合材料初始库仑效率低的缺点,为制备下一代高能锂离子电池提供了一种无锂正极配对的方案。
Induction melting associated with simple ball-milling is utilized to synthesize a SnLi4.4@C core–shell hierarchical composite in which nanometer-sized SnLi4.4particles are uniformly dispersed and encapsulated by carbon matrix. When evaluated as anode materials for lithium ion batteries, the composite exhibits a reversible capacity of 680 mA h g−1after 200 cycles at 200 mA g−1. A capacity of 310 mA h g−1is obtained even at a high rate of 5000 mA g−1. The superior electrochemical performance is ascribed to the fact that the prelithiated SnLi4.4will not exert any expansion stress on the carbon matrix during the subsequent delithiation and lithiation processes, therefore guarantee the sustainable integrity of the composite in the prolonged cycling. The carbon matrix offers continuous transport paths for Li+ions and electrons inside the composite. Meanwhile the carbon can sufficiently prevent the disintegration and aggregation of Sn nanoparticles upon prolonged cycling. The present study effectively circumvents the low initial Coulombic efficiency of the Sn-related nanocomposites and provides a protocol for pairing lithium-free cathodes to make the next-generation high energy lithium ion batteries.
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