CHARACTERISTICS OF SPATIAL MEMORY IN CATTLE
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPATIAL MEMORY IN CATTLE
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DOI：
10.1016/0168-1591(89)90101-9
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发表时间：
1989-07-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
RICHARDS, RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BAILEY, DW;RITTENHOUSE, LR;RICHARDS, RW
对牛的空间记忆进行了两项研究。在研究1中，6头小母牛在两个复杂程度的放射状和平行臂迷宫中进行了训练和观察。粮食被放置在每一只手臂的末端，小母牛被单独释放，并允许自由选择手臂，直到所有的粮食被吃掉。当小母牛进入先前进入的手臂时，会出现错误的选择。在四臂水平上，放射状迷宫和平行迷宫前四个入口的平均正确选择数分别为3.83和3.60。在8臂水平上，前8个入口的正确选择数量分别为7.78和7.36。小母牛在放射状迷宫中的效率略有提高(P<；0.05)，在这种迷宫中，定向和远端线索更加明显。在研究2中，两组同卵双生子在放射臂迷宫中使用与研究1相似的程序进行训练。前8个入口的平均正确选择数为7.68。然后在选项4和选项5之间设置可变延迟间隔。在5分钟到4小时的延迟间隔后，转向器很少出错。在8小时的延迟间隔后，性能似乎下降(P<；0.1)。在12小时的延迟间隔后，准确度显著下降(P<；0.001)。在延迟间隔为4、8和12小时时，前8个入口的平均正确选择数分别为7.63、7.29和5.80个。牛似乎有能力将几个地点与食物来源联系起来，并能记住这些地点长达8小时。
Two studies were conducted to examine spatial memory of cattle. In Study 1, six heifers were trained and observed in a radial- and parallel-arm maze at two levels of complexity. Grain was placed at the end of each arm, and heifers were released individually and allowed to choose arms freely until all grain was consumed. Incorrect choices occurred when heifers entered a previously entered arm. At the 4-arm level, the mean number of correct choices in the first four entrances was 3.83 and 3.60 for the radial and parallel mazes, respectively. At the 8-arm level, the number of correct choices in the first eight entrances was 7.78 and 7.36, respectively. Heifers were slightly more efficient (P < 0.05) in the radial maze in which directional and distal cues were more pronounced. In Study 2, two sets of monozygous twin steers were trained in a radial-arm maze using similar procedures as Study 1. The mean number of correct choices in the first eight entrances was 7.68. A variable delay interval was then imposed between Choices 4 and 5. Steers rarely made errors after delay intervals from 5 min to 4 h. Performance appeared to decline (P < 0.1) after an 8-h delay interval. Accuracy declined dramatically (P < 0.001) after a 12-h delay interval. The mean number of correct choices in the first eight entrances was 7.63, 7.29 and 5.80 for delay intervals of 4, 8 and 12 h, respectively. Cattle appear to have the ability to associate several locations with food resources and to remember the locations for periods of up to 8 h.