Organization of agonistic vocalizations in Black-chinned Hummingbirds
Organization of agonistic vocalizations in Black-chinned Hummingbirds
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DOI：
10.2307/1369568
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发表时间：
1996-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Ficken, MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rusch, KM;Pytte, CL;Ficken, MS
我们描述了黑鸣蜂鸟（Archilochus alexandri）在喂食者的激烈遭遇中记录的发声。呼叫由一到五种不同的音符类型组成，这些音符类型构成了一个展示语法的重组系统。马尔可夫分析揭示了笔记类型的非随机排序。呼叫类型的分布（独特的音符组合）说明了开放性；随着更多的呼叫被采样，呼叫类型的数量也会增加。呼叫长度的限制与单个笔记类型的长度有关；更短的笔记类型在有更多笔记的电话中更常见。除了在雄性鸣叫中更常见的Z音外，其他鸣叫类型没有性别差异。这些蜂鸟的激烈发声表明了一种与许多雀形目动物的歌声相当的声音复杂性。我们比较了黑鸣蜂鸟和安娜蜂鸟（Calypteanna）的鸣叫，指出了它们在鸣叫组织上的主要差异。某些山雀（Pants）和黑鸣蜂鸟的叫声组织有明显的相似之处。鉴于它们的种系差异，这一发现令人惊讶，但可能反映了鸟类发声组织的某些潜在限制。
We describe vocalizations of Black-chimed Hummingbirds (Archilochus alexandri) recorded during agonistic encounters at feeders. Calls are composed of one to five different note-types that comprise a recombinatorial system exhibiting syntax. A Markov analysis revealed non-random ordering of note-types. The distribution of call-types (unique combinations of notes) illustrates openness; the number of call-types increases as more calls are sampled. Constraints on call length occur that are related to the length of individual note-types; shorter note-types are more common in calls with more notes. No sex differences occurred in the call-types with the exception of the Z note which occurred more often in male calls. The agonistic vocalizations of these hummingbirds demonstrate a level of vocal complexity comparable to songs of many passerines. We compare the vocalizations of the Black-chimed Hummingbird with studies of Anna's Hummingbird (Calypteanna) and point out major differences in repertoire organization. Marked similarities occur between organization of calls in certain chickadees (Pants) and that of the Black-chimed Hummingbird. This finding is surprising in view of their phyletic differences, but may reflect certain underlying constraints on the organization of avian vocalizations.