Mechanisms of action of probiotics
Mechanisms of action of probiotics
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DOI：
10.1086/523335
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Walker, W. Allan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walker, W. Allan
出生时，新生儿离开无菌的子宫内环境，进入高度污染的子宫外世界，这需要强大的宿主防御来预防疾病。肠道防御在妊娠期间发展，并有能力作出反应，但首先必须暴露于殖民细菌。我审查的重要性，细菌定植的外观正常粘膜免疫功能和临床后果的殖民化不足方面的发展疾病。例如，我们现在知道，T辅助细胞（Th）的不平衡（e。例如，在一个实施例中，Th 2水平大于Th 1水平）可使自身免疫性疾病和肠道炎症或疾病，如坏死性小肠结肠炎易感。当我们确定了肠道细菌定植的作用（细菌-上皮细胞“串扰”），我们应该有更合适的方法来调节肠道免疫反应例如，通过使用益生菌来预防这些胃肠道疾病的表达。
At birth, the newborn leaves the germ-free intrauterine environment and enters a highly contaminated extrauterine world, which requires potent host defenses to prevent disease. Intestinal defenses develop during gestation and have the capacity to respond but first must be exposed to colonizing bacteria. I review the importance of bacterial colonization for the appearance of normal mucosal immune function and the clinical consequences of inadequate colonization with regard to development of disease. For example, we now know that an imbalance in T-helper (Th) cells (e. g., Th2 levels greater than Th1 levels) can predispose to autoimmune disease and gut inflammation or disease, such as necrotizing enterocolitis. As we determine the role of bacterial colonization in the gut (bacterial-epithelial "cross talk"), we should have more-appropriate ways to modulate the gut immune responses-for example, by use of probiotics to prevent the expression of these gastrointestinal diseases.