Enhancing post-disaster resilience by 'building back greener': Evaluating the contribution of nature-based solutions to recovery planning in Futaba County, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan
Enhancing post-disaster resilience by 'building back greener': Evaluating the contribution of nature-based solutions to recovery planning in Futaba County, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.03.013
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Mabon, Leslie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mabon, Leslie
这项研究评估了基于自然的解决方案对灾后情况下城市复原力的贡献。灾后恢复规划是通过促进生态系统方法实现社会和生态复原力来“重建更绿色”的机会。然而，对基于自然的解决方案所提供的具体灾后复原力益处的理解仍在不断加深。本文通过评估2011年地震、海啸和核灾难后日本福岛县双叶县的生态系统方法如何带来复原力效益，为这一领域做出了贡献。对双叶县8个市制定的灾后恢复计划进行了内容分析。确定了每个计划中包括的生态系统服务，以及市政当局能够在多大程度上评估提供的服务。此外，还辅之以实地访问的见解和市政当局编制的更广泛的文件。分析表明，文化生态系统服务在计划中的作用尤为突出，这些文化服务对于灾后恢复认同感和自豪感至关重要。然而，分析也表明，市政当局可能缺乏评估生态系统服务的技术能力，特别是在资源紧张的灾后环境中。这项研究的一个含义是，有必要在其他经验背景下进一步考虑如何将文化服务--特别是公民参与--与灾后生态系统管理的更多技术方法结合起来。第二个含义是，虽然生态系统方法提供灾后恢复能力的好处，但这些方法应该是对恢复的帮助，而不是取代国家政府的长期支持。
This research evaluates the contribution of nature-based solutions to urban resilience in post-disaster situations. Post-disaster recovery planning is an opportunity to 'build back greener' by fostering ecosystem approaches towards social and ecological resilience. Yet understanding of specific post-disaster resilience benefits which nature-based solutions provide is still emerging. This paper contributes to this field through evaluation of how ecosystem approaches bring resilience benefits in Futaba County, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, following the 2011 earthquake, tsunami and nuclear disaster. Content analysis is undertaken on disaster recovery plans produced by the 8 municipalities in Futaba County. The ecosystem services included in each plan are identified, as well as the extent to which municipalities are capable of assessing the services provided. This is supplemented with insights from field visits and wider documentation produced by the municipalities. The analysis shows that cultural ecosystem services feature especially strongly within the plans, and that these cultural services are critical to recovering sense of identity and pride post-disaster. However, the analysis also indicates that municipalities may lack the technical competence to assess ecosystem services, especially in a post-disaster setting where resources are stretched. One implication from the research is the need for further consideration in other empirical contexts of how cultural services - especially citizen participation - can be integrated with more technical approaches to post-disaster ecosystem management. A second implication is that whilst ecosystem approaches offer post-disaster resilience benefits, these should be an aid to recovery and not a substitute for long-term support from national governments.