The energetics of genome complexity
The energetics of genome complexity
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DOI：
10.1038/nature09486
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发表时间：
2010-10-21
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Martin, William
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lane, Nick;Martin, William
所有复杂的生命都是由真核细胞组成的。真核细胞在40亿年中才从原核生物中产生一次，除此之外，原核生物也没有表现出进化出更大复杂性的趋势。为什么不呢？Proximal基因组大小受生物能量学的限制。线粒体的内共生作用重组了DNA在生物能膜上的分布，使表达的基因数量显著增加了20万倍。基因组容量的巨大飞跃严格依赖于线粒体的能力，这是真核生物复杂性的先决条件：多细胞生命的关键创新。
All complex life is composed of eukaryotic (nucleated) cells. The eukaryotic cell arose from prokaryotes just once in four billion years, and otherwise prokaryotes show no tendency to evolve greater complexity. Why not? Prokaryotic genome size is constrained by bioenergetics. The endosymbiosis that gave rise to mitochondria restructured the distribution of DNA in relation to bioenergetic membranes, permitting a remarkable 200,000-fold expansion in the number of genes expressed. This vast leap in genomic capacity was strictly dependent on mitochondrial power, and prerequisite to eukaryote complexity: the key innovation en route to multicellular life.