Parasitoid-mediated effects: apparent competition and the persistence of host-parasitoid assemblages
Parasitoid-mediated effects: apparent competition and the persistence of host-parasitoid assemblages
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DOI：
10.1007/pl00011983
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发表时间：
1999-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hassell, MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bonsall, MB;Hassell, MP
间接影响，如明显的竞争（其中两个主机，不竞争资源通过共同的天敌相互作用）越来越多地被证明是普遍的生态组合的结构和功能。在这里，我们回顾了这些敌人介导的影响，在主机寄生组合的经验和理论证据。我们首先解决问题的实验设计，以测试明显的竞争。第二，我们考虑的因素可能会影响共存的主机种，共享一个寄生虫，并参与明显的竞争。我们发现，寄生虫聚集，切换效果，这可以产生主机时，发生在不同的补丁，不仅促进持久性，但也强烈稳定。这些影响的更广泛的后果进行了讨论。
Indirect effects such as apparent competition (in which two hosts that do not compete for resources interact via a shared natural enemy) are increasingly being shown to be prevalent in the structure and function of ecological assemblages. Here, we review the empirical and theoretical evidence for these enemy-mediated effects in host-parasitoid assemblages. We first address questions about the design of experiments to test for apparent competition. Second, we consider factors likely to affect the coexistence of host species that share a parasitoid and are involved in apparent competition. We show that parasitoid aggregation, and the switching effect that this can generate when hosts occur in separate patches, not only promotes persistence but is also strongly stabilizing. The broader consequences of these effects are discussed.