SUN-TRACKING FLOWER MOVEMENT AND SEED PRODUCTION OF MOUNTAIN AVENS, DR YAS OCTOPETALA L. IN THE HIGH ARCTIC, NY-ALESUND, SVALBARD
SUN-TRACKING FLOWER MOVEMENT AND SEED PRODUCTION OF MOUNTAIN AVENS, DR YAS OCTOPETALA L. IN THE HIGH ARCTIC, NY-ALESUND, SVALBARD
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斯瓦尔巴特群岛纽约州高北极地区 DR YAS OCTOPETALA L. 的太阳追踪花卉运动和 AVENS 山的种子生产
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发表时间：
1998
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通讯作者：
N. Wada
中科院分区：
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作者：
N. Wada
本研究观察了山鸦的追日行为、花内温度升高和种子生产，产于挪威斯瓦尔巴特群岛奥勒松（78'55' N，1 Ip 56 'E）的布雷格冰川附近。在晴天时，这些花都表现出跟踪太阳的运动，但这种运动主要集中在中午前后，在整个晴天都不那么活跃。向阳花的雌蕊群温度增量约为0.001 ℃。比背对太阳的花高2摄氏度。去除花瓣导致雌蕊温度的显著降低。昆虫（主要是蚊子）访花的频率很低，表明严重的传粉者限制限制了异花授粉。在实验期间，在自然条件下（0%结实率），八瓣木的花不产生任何发育的种子。异花授粉的结实率为8%，而在开花期用小型绿色温室人工加温的花结实率为60%，说明D.在斯瓦尔巴群岛的新奥勒松种群中，Octopetulu在开花期受到低温的强烈限制，而不是受传粉者的限制。这些结果表明，跟踪太阳的行为和抛物线形的花朵结构与大花瓣是重要的，通过提高雌蕊温度结实成功。
I observed the sun-tracking behavior, temperature increment within flowers, and seed production of mountain avens, Dryus octopetulu L., occurring near Bregger glacier in ~~-Alesund (78'55'N, 1 Ip56'E), Svalbard in Norway. The flowers showed sun-tracking movement on sunny days, but the movement was mostly found around noon and was not so active throughout a sunny day. The temperature increment of the gynoecium in flowers facing the sun was ca. 2 C higher than in flowers with their back to the sun. Petal removal resulted in considerable reduction of the gynoecium temperature. Insects (mostly mosquitoes) visiting flowers were very infrequent, suggesting that a severe pollinator limitation restricted the cross- pollination. During the experiments, flowers of Dryas octopetalu did not produce any developed seeds under natural condition (0% seed-set). Cross-pollinated flowers showed 8% seed-set, while flowers which were artificially warmed by small green- houses during the flowering period showed 60% seed-set, indicating that the re- production of D. octopetulu is strongly restricted by low temperature during the flowering period, rather than by pollinator limitation, in the population of Ny- Alesund, Svalbard. These results suggest that the sun-tracking behavior and parabola-shaped flower structure with large petals are important for seed-setting success by increasing the gynoecium temperature.