Color coding information: assessing alternative coding systems using independent brightness and hue dimensions.
Color coding information: assessing alternative coding systems using independent brightness and hue dimensions.
复制标题
颜色编码信息：使用独立的亮度和色调维度评估替代编码系统。
DOI：
10.1037//1076-898x.7.2.112
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bamber,Donald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jameson,KimberlyA;Kaiwi,JerryL;Bamber,Donald
亮度和色调的独立维度能否用于组合数字信息代码中？这个问题是通过开发2个颜色编码系统，并在模拟声纳显示器的信号波束检测和分类实验中对知情和天真的参与者进行测试来解决的。每个编码系统的结果表明，两组有效地使用编码信息，同时变化沿着2个维度的亮度和色调。研究结果支持提出的程序开发颜色信息代码和这些信息代码在不同人群的有效性。这些结果的应用意义是通过测试色码构造的原理方法和论证用户界面的信息内容扩展到一维以外在实践中是可行的。信息处理用户界面，如空中交通管制系统和自动银行机，使用诸如亮度或颜色的梯度以及各种图标和图形的显著感知属性来编码信息。许多关于数字信息显示中颜色使用的研究都集中在错误率和目标（符号或图标）的搜索时间上，当颜色被添加为目标特征时（Christ，1975; Donderi，1994; Nagy & Sanchez，1990，1992）。对于用于目标和背景的色调的数量，使用亮度和饱和度来改善颜色的感知分离，以及由于环境光条件而产生的效果，存在指导方针（货车Orden & Benoit，1993）。然而，仍然存在一些不确定性的条件，使颜色作为一个独立的，非冗余的编码维度的一个很好的选择，并没有指导方针存在的多维信息代码的应用。本研究探讨了二维色调-亮度代码的可行性，以及在特定的显示格式中使用超出简单冗余代码的颜色，其中有意义的信息是统计定义的，而不是图标。为此，我们追求三个目标：（a）使用理想检测器理论对观测器性能进行建模，（B）开发二维信息代码和有意义的信息量化和编码方法，以及（c）对梯度强度信号应用的实现代码进行经验测试。
Can independent dimensions of brightness and hue be used in a combined digital information code? This issue was addressed by developing 2 color-coding systems and testing them on informed and naive participants in signal beam detection and classification experiments for simulated sonar displays. Each coding system's results showed both groups efficiently used encoded information that varied simultaneously along the 2 dimensions of brightness and hue. Findings support the proposed procedures for developing color information codes and the validity of such information codes across different populations. Applied significance of these results is provided by the test of principled methods of color-code construction and the demonstration that extending the information content of user interfaces beyond 1 dimension is feasible in practice.Information-processing user interfaces, such as air-traffic control systems and automatic banking machines, encode information using salient perceptual attributes such as gradients of brightness or color and varieties of icons and alphanumerics. Much research on color use in digital information displays has focused on error rates and search time for targets (symbols or icons) when color is added as a target feature (Christ, 1975; Donderi, 1994; Nagy & Sanchez, 1990, 1992). Guidelines exist for the number of hues used for targets and backgrounds, the use of luminance and saturation to improve perceptual segregation of colors, and effects due to ambient light conditions (Van Orden & Benoit, 1993). However, there remains some uncertainty regarding the conditions that make color a good choice as an independent, nonredundant coding dimension, and no guidelines exist for the applied use of multidimensional information codes. The present study explored the feasibility of two-dimensional hue–luminance codes and the use of color beyond a simple redundant code in a specific display format in which meaningful information is defined statistically as opposed to iconically. To do this, we pursued three goals:(a) modeling observer performance using ideal-detector theory,(b) developing two-dimensional information codes and meaningful methods of quantizing and encoding information, and (c) conducting empirical tests of implemented codes for gradient intensity signal applications.