Secreted and Transmembrane Wnt Inhibitors and Activators
Secreted and Transmembrane Wnt Inhibitors and Activators
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a015081
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Niehrs, Christof
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cruciat, Cristina-Maria;Niehrs, Christof
分泌糖蛋白Wnt家族的信号传导在胚胎发育和成体体内平衡中起着重要作用。Wnt信号传导受许多进化上保守的抑制剂和激活剂调节。Wnt抑制剂属于小蛋白家族，包括sFRP、Dkk、WIF、Wise/SOST、Cerberus、IGFBP、Shisa、Waif 1、APCDD 1和Tiki 1。它们的共同特征是通过阻止配体-受体相互作用或Wnt受体成熟来拮抗Wnt信号传导。相反，Wnt激活剂R-spondin和Norrin通过结合Wnt受体或释放Wnt抑制步骤来促进Wnt信号传导。除了少数例外，这些拮抗剂和激动剂不是纯的Wnt调节剂，但也影响其他信号传导途径，如TGF-β和FGF信号传导。在这里，我们讨论了它们与Wnt配体和Wnt受体的相互作用，它们在发育过程中的作用，以及它们在疾病中的意义。
Signaling by the Wnt family of secreted glycoproteins plays important roles in embryonic development and adult homeostasis. Wnt signaling is modulated by a number of evolutionarily conserved inhibitors and activators. Wnt inhibitors belong to small protein families, including sFRP, Dkk, WIF, Wise/SOST, Cerberus, IGFBP, Shisa, Waif1, APCDD1, and Tiki1. Their common feature is to antagonize Wnt signaling by preventing ligand-receptor interactions or Wnt receptor maturation. Conversely, the Wnt activators, R-spondin and Norrin, promote Wnt signaling by binding to Wnt receptors or releasing a Wnt-inhibitory step. With few exceptions, these antagonists and agonists are not pure Wnt modulators, but also affect additional signaling pathways, such as TGF-beta and FGF signaling. Here we discuss their interactions with Wnt ligands and Wnt receptors, their role in developmental processes, as well as their implication in disease.