Enhanced identification of smoking-related words during the attentional blink in smokers.
Enhanced identification of smoking-related words during the attentional blink in smokers.
复制标题
增强吸烟者注意力眨眼期间与吸烟相关单词的识别。
DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.05.016
复制
发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Pickworth,Wallace
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Waters,AndrewJ;Heishman,StephenJ;Lerman,Caryn;Pickworth,Wallace
当在一系列快速呈现的刺激中对一个目标（T1）的持续处理损害对随后呈现的第二个目标（T2）的处理时，就会发生注意眨眼（AB），从而无法有意识地感知或报告 T2。有证据表明 AB 可能会受到 T2 的情感或动机显着性的影响。我们研究了吸烟者的吸烟相关刺激是否可以减弱AB。重度吸烟者 (N=55) 两次执行 AB 任务，一次是在戒烟 12 小时后，一次是在随意吸烟后。 T2 要么是与吸烟相关的单词，要么是中性（与家庭相关）的单词，并且落后于 T1 0 到 7 个分散注意力的单词。 T1 都是中性词。每个单词的呈现时间为 130 毫秒。每次试验后，受试者被要求立即回忆 T1 和 T2。滞后相互作用存在显着的词类型，因此在早期滞后时，与吸烟相关的 T2 比中性 T2 的记忆效果更好，但在晚期滞后时则不然。早期滞后的词类型效应与吸烟斯特鲁普任务中评估的注意偏差显着相关，但并没有因戒烟而显着减弱。这些数据表明，对于重度吸烟者来说，在注意力资源有限的情况下，与吸烟相关的刺激比中性词语更有可能引起意识意识。
The attentional blink (AB) occurs when ongoing processing of one target (T1) in a series of rapidly presented stimuli impairs processing of a subsequently presented second target (T2), such that T2 cannot be consciously perceived or reported. There is evidence that the AB can be influenced by the emotional or motivational salience of T2. We examined whether the AB could be attenuated by smoking-related stimuli in smokers. Heavy smokers (N=55) performed an AB task on two occasions, once following 12-h of abstinence and once following ad libitum smoking. T2s were either smoking-related or neutral (household-related) words, and lagged T1 by 0 to 7 distracter words. T1s were all neutral words. Each word was presented for 130 ms. Subjects were required to recall T1 and T2 immediately after each trial. There was a significant word type by lag interaction, whereby smoking-related T2s were recalled better than neutral T2s at early, but not late, lags. The word type effect at early lags was significantly associated with attentional bias assessed on the smoking Stroop task, but was not significantly moderated by abstinence. These data indicate that, in heavy smokers, smoking-related stimuli are more likely to engage conscious awareness than neutral words under conditions of limited attentional resources.