Testing environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis: The role of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and trade in OECD countries
Testing environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis: The role of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and trade in OECD countries
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.08.031
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Ozturk, Ilhan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ben Jebli, Mehdi;Ben Youssef, Slim;Ozturk, Ilhan
本文调查了 1980 年至 2010 年期间 25 个 OECD 国家的人均二氧化碳排放量、国内生产总值 (GDP)、可再生和不可再生能源消耗以及国际贸易之间的因果关系。短期格兰杰因果关系检验表明，以下之间存在双向因果关系：可再生能源消费与进口、可再生能源与不可再生能源消费、不可再生能源与贸易（出口或进口）；单向因果关系包括：出口与可再生能源、贸易与二氧化碳排放、产出与可再生能源。我们考虑的所有变量之间也存在长期双向因果关系。我们的长期完全修正普通最小二乘法 (FMOLS) 和动态普通最小二乘法 (DOLS) 估计表明，倒 U 形环境库兹涅茨曲线 (EKC) 假设在该 OECD 国家样本中得到了验证。他们还表明，增加不可再生能源会增加二氧化碳排放量。有趣的是，增加贸易或可再生能源可以减少二氧化碳排放。根据这些结果，更多的贸易和更多地使用可再生能源是这些国家应对全球变暖的有效策略。 (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
This paper investigates the causal relationships between per capita CO2 emissions, gross domestic product (GDP), renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, and international trade for a panel of 25 OECD countries over the period 1980-2010. Short-run Granger causality tests show the existence of bidirectional causality between: renewable energy consumption and imports, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy and trade (exports or imports); and unidirectional causality running from: exports to renewable energy, trade to CO2 emissions, output to renewable energy. There are also long-run bidirectional causalities between all our considered variables. Our long-run fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) estimates show that the inverted U-shaped environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis is verified for this sample of OECD countries. They also show that increasing non-renewable energy increases CO2 emissions. Interestingly, increasing trade or renewable energy reduces CO2 emissions. According to these results, more trade and more use of renewable energy are efficient strategies to combat global warming in these countries. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.