A Vanishing Food Infrastructure: The Closure of Food Outlets in Flint in a Pandemic Era
A Vanishing Food Infrastructure: The Closure of Food Outlets in Flint in a Pandemic Era
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DOI：
10.1177/00027642221142202
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发表时间：
2023-01-05
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Taylor, Dorceta E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bell, Ashley;Taylor, Dorceta E.
大多数食品获取研究集中在大城市，检查传统的杂货店，只考虑经营食品销售点。这种孤立的方法暴露了食品获取文献的空白。因此，作为我们对弗林特食品景观评估的一部分，我们检查了城市和周围乡镇关闭的食品商店。我们调查了人口普查区的种族构成与已确定的已停业食品网点的数量和类型之间的关系。我们使用Data Axle收集并验证了2020年9月至2021年12月期间开放和关闭的食品店的数据。我们在2022年6月对关闭的食品店进行了最后的核实。使用ArcGIS 10.8.1和SPSS Version 28对数据进行制图和分析。我们使用负二项回归模型来确定在黑人居民百分比低和高的人口普查区有一个额外的封闭食品出口的可能性的差异。我们还调查了人口普查区的收入中位数与拥有一个额外的封闭食品出口的可能性之间的关系。关闭的食品店有173家；81人在弗林特，92人在周边乡镇。最常关闭的食品店是餐馆；他们占关闭总数的45.1%。在人口普查区，黑人人口比例低于40%的地区，关闭的餐饮场所的平均数量为1.5家。在人口普查区，黑人居民占40%或以上，这一平均值与此相似；是1.6。这一差异并不显著。然而，人口普查区的收入中位数是有一个额外的封闭食品出口的可能性的重要预测指标。中位数收入每增加1000美元，就会导致增加一家关闭的食品店的可能性降低2%。这项研究的结果表明，一个城市的食品景观不仅仅是其经营的食品网点。只关注活跃的食品店并不能准确地描述一个城市的食品基础设施。
Most food access studies focus on large cities, examine traditional grocery stores, and only consider operational food outlets. This siloed approach exposes a gap in food access literature. Therefore, as a part of our assessment of Flint's food landscape, we examined closed food outlets in the city and surrounding townships. We investigated the relationship between the racial composition of census tracts and the number and type of defunct food outlets identified. We used Data Axle to collect and verify data on open and closed food outlets between September 2020 and December 2021. We made a final verification of the food outlet closures in June 2022. We used ArcGIS 10.8.1 and SPSS Version 28 to map and analyze the data. We used negative binomial regression models to determine differences in the likelihood of having an additional closed food outlet in census tracts with low and high percentages of Black residents. We also investigated the relationship between a census tract's median income and the likelihood of having an additional closed food outlet. There were 173 closed food outlets; 81 were in Flint, and 92 were in surrounding townships. The most frequently closed food outlets were restaurants; they accounted for 45.1% of the closures. The mean number of closed food venues in census tracts where less than 40% of the residents were Black was 1.5. The mean was similar in census tracts where 40% or more of the residents were Black; it was 1.6. This difference was not significant. However, the median income of a census tract was a significant predictor of the likelihood of having an additional closed food outlet. Every one-thousand-dollar increase in median income resulted in a 2% less likelihood of having an additional closed food outlet. The results of this study show that there is more to the food landscape of a city than its operational food outlets. Focusing exclusively on active food outlets does not accurately depict a city's food infrastructure.