Development of a new hybrid gel phantom using carrageenan and gellan gum for visualizing three-dimensional temperature distribution during hyperthermia and radiofrequency ablation.
Development of a new hybrid gel phantom using carrageenan and gellan gum for visualizing three-dimensional temperature distribution during hyperthermia and radiofrequency ablation.
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DOI：
10.3892/ijo.27.1.175
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发表时间：
2005-07
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
M. Kuroda;H. Kato;K. Hanamoto;K. Shimamura;T. Uchida;Yadi Wang;S. Akaki;J. Asaumi;K. Himei;M. Takemoto;S. Kanazawa;K. Shibuya;S. Kawasaki;Y. Hiraki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Kuroda;H. Kato;K. Hanamoto;K. Shimamura;T. Uchida;Yadi Wang;S. Akaki;J. Asaumi;K. Himei;M. Takemoto;S. Kanazawa;K. Shibuya;S. Kawasaki;Y. Hiraki
我们开发了一种新的混合凝胶体模使用角叉菜胶和结冷胶的可视化三维温度分布的目的。该体模含有卡拉胶、结冷胶、非离子表面活性剂、氯化钾、正丁醇、叠氮化钠和水，在室温下显示出良好的透明度，并且具有加热区域由于表面活性剂的分离而变得白色和不透明的优点。加入卡拉胶和结冷胶以改善混合凝胶的透明度和脆性。氯化钾用于将凝胶的电导率调节至5-130 MHz的范围，使得对于电磁加热装置所使用的每个频率，其将等同于肌肉组织的电导率。使用正丁醇将混浊温度调节至45 - 55 ℃。在本研究中，我们澄清了新的幻影的重要属性，并制定了公式，便于确定所需的混浊温度和电导率所需的成分的量。该体模的特征是：a）固体形式，以避免热传导对流; B）足够的强度而不脆，以形成躯干，而不使用增强剂; c）室温下的高透明度和加热区域的可视化为白色混浊; d）时间推移和温度变化区域的准确可视化，而没有热滞后; e）类似于人体组织的电性能; f）易于生产;和g）低成本和良好的安全性。该模型可以帮助肿瘤学家对用于热疗和射频消融的电磁加热装置的性能进行常规检查和研究。
We developed a new hybrid gel phantom using carrageenan and gellan gum for the purpose of visualizing three-dimensional temperature distribution. The phantom, which contains carrageenan, gellan gum, non-ionic surface active agent, potassium chloride, n-butanol, sodium azide, and water, shows good transparency at room temperature, and has the advantage that the heated region becomes white and opaque due to segregation of the surface active agent. Carrageenan and gellan gum were added to improve the transparency and fragility of the hybrid gel. Potassium chloride was used to adjust the electrical conductivity of the gel to a range of 5-130 MHz, so that it would be equivalent to that of muscle tissue for each frequency used by electromagnetic heating devices. N-butanol was used to adjust the clouding temperature to a range between 45 and 55 degrees C. In the present study we clarified the important properties of the new phantom, and developed formulae for easy determination of the amounts of ingredients necessary for the desired clouding temperature and electric conductivity. The characteristics of this phantom are: a) a solid form to avoid convection by heat conduction; b) sufficient strength without fragility to form a torso without the use of a reinforcing agent; c) high transparency at room temperature and visualization of the heating area as a white turbidity; d) time-lapse and accurate visualization of the changing temperature area without thermal hysteresis; e) electrical properties similar to those of human tissues; f) ease of production; and g) low cost and good safety. This phantom might assist oncologists in their routine checking and study of the performance of electromagnetic heating devices for hyperthermia and radiofrequency ablation.