DEHALOCOCCOIDES AND REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION OF CHLORINATED SOLVENTS
DEHALOCOCCOIDES AND REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION OF CHLORINATED SOLVENTS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4614-4115-1_2
复制
发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zinder, Stephen H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loeffler, Frank E.;Ritalahti, Kirsti M.;Zinder, Stephen H.
自二十世纪初以来，短链C1至C3氯化脂肪烃（CAH）已被大量生产并广泛应用于工业、军事、农业和家庭应用。 CAH 的广泛使用基于其理想的特性，包括低成本、易于获得、作为溶剂的优异性能、化学稳定性和防火安全性（即大多数氯化溶剂不易燃，不会与空气形成爆炸性混合物）。几十年来的广泛使用、不小心的处理和储存、对健康影响和环境危险的忽视以及缺乏监管，导致了大范围的地下水污染。这些溶剂的生物修复的主要策略是通过微生物进行还原脱氯，其中主要是脱卤球菌群的成员，这是唯一已知能够将氯化乙烯解毒成乙烯的微生物。该小组的成员具有高度适应使用氯化烃作为电子受体的精简基因组，并且可能在环境中多种有机卤化物的还原脱卤中发挥重要作用。
Since the beginning of the twentieth century, short-chain C1 to C3 chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) have been manufactured in large amounts and extensively used in industrial, military, agricultural and household applications. The widespread use of CAHs is based on their desirable properties including low cost, easy availability, excellence as solvents, chemical stability, and fire safety (i.e., most chlorinated solvents are nonflammable and do not form explosive mixtures with air). The widespread use, careless handling and storage, ignorance of health effects and environmental dangers, and the lack of regulations over decades of extensive use has resulted in wide-ranging groundwater contamination. A major strategy for the bioremediation of these solvents is reductive dechlorination by microorganisms, most predominantly members of theDehalococcoidesgroup, the only microbes known to detoxify chlorinated ethenes to ethene. Members of this group have streamlined genomes highly adapted to using chlorinated hydrocarbons as electron acceptors, and are likely to play important roles in reductive dehalogenation of diverse organohalides in the environment.