Siri, Siri, in my hand: Who's the fairest in the land? On the interpretations, illustrations, and implications of artificial intelligence
Siri, Siri, in my hand: Who's the fairest in the land? On the interpretations, illustrations, and implications of artificial intelligence
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bushor.2018.08.004
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Haenlein, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaplan, Andreas;Haenlein, Michael
人工智能（AI）——被定义为系统正确解释外部数据、从这些数据中学习以及利用这些学习成果通过灵活适应实现特定目标和任务的能力，是几乎每个董事会和许多餐桌上的一个话题。然而，尽管如此突出，Al-仍然是一个令人惊讶的模糊概念，围绕它的许多问题仍然悬而未决。在本文中，我们分析了人工智能与物联网和大数据等相关概念的不同之处，并建议人工智能不是一个单一的术语，而是需要以更细致的方式来看待。这可以通过从进化阶段的角度（狭义人工智能、通用人工智能和超级人工智能）来看待人工智能来实现，也可以通过关注不同类型的人工智能系统（分析型人工智能、受人类启发的人工智能和人性化人工智能）来实现。基于这种分类，我们通过一系列有关大学、企业和政府的案例研究展示了人工智能的潜力和风险。最后，我们提出了一个框架，帮助组织思考人工智能的内部和外部影响，我们将其标记为信心、变革和控制的 3C 模型。 (C) 2018 年印第安纳大学凯利商学院。由爱思唯尔公司出版。保留所有权利。
Artificial intelligence (AI)-defined as a system's ability to correctly interpret external data, to learn from such data, and to use those learnings to achieve specific goals and tasks through flexible adaptation is a topic in nearly every boardroom and at many dinner tables. Yet, despite this prominence, Al-is still a surprisingly fuzzy concept and a lot of questions surrounding it are still open. In this article, we analyze how Al is different from related concepts, such as the Internet of Things and big data, and suggest that Al is not one monolithic term but instead needs to be seen in a more nuanced way. This can either be achieved by looking at Al through the lens of evolutionary stages (artificial narrow intelligence, artificial general intelligence, and artificial super intelligence) or by focusing on different types of Al systems (analytical Al, human-inspired AI, and humanized Al). Based on this classification, we show the potential and risk of Al using a series of case studies regarding universities, corporations, and governments. Finally, we present a framework that helps organizations think about the internal and external implications of AI, which we label the Three C Model of Confidence, Change, and Control. (C) 2018 Kelley School of Business, Indiana University. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.