'They treat us like machines': migrant workers' conceptual framework of labour exploitation for health research and policy
'They treat us like machines': migrant workers' conceptual framework of labour exploitation for health research and policy
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013521
复制
发表时间：
2024-02-01
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Durand，Mary Alison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boufkhed，Sabah;Thorogood，Nicki;Durand，Mary Alison
剥削移徙工人在包括可持续发展目标在内的全球政治议程中占有重要地位。在由专业专家界定剥削的情况下，使用评估工具对受剥削工人进行的研究表明，存在严重的健康问题和需求。然而，很少有人问移徙工人对他们可能经历的现象的理解。我们的研究旨在概念化“劳动力剥削”的角度来看，受雇于手工低技能jobs.MethodsTwenty-seven拉丁美洲人在伦敦（英国）工作参加了小组概念图;一个参与性的混合方法，定性数据收集，以定义一个概念的内容，然后使用定量方法进行分析，以产生一个结构化的概念框架。参与者在头脑风暴会议期间生成描述概念内容的声明，并在排序评级练习中构建它们。多维尺度和聚类分析进行，产生一个概念框架，澄清的维度，子维度和构成陈述的概念，劳动剥削从移徙工人的perspectives.ResultsThree关键维度被确定：“就业条件差，缺乏保护”，包括合同安排和就业关系;“可随意处置和滥用权力”（或“非人化”），包括使移徙工人感到可随意处置和受虐待的机制或手段;“健康、安全和心理社会危害”，包括从身体和心理社会危害到缺乏健康和社会保障等问题。“非人化”尚未被纳入主流工具评估剥削，尽管其重要性的研究参与者谁也描述了恶劣的情况下，在工作中，包括性，身体和口头abuse.ConclusionOur研究提供了一个概念框架，劳动剥削，让发言权的移民工人，并可以操作成一个措施的移民劳动剥削。它还呼吁将“非人化”和结构性胁迫形式纳入主流概念，并紧急解决其工作场所危害。
BackgroundThe exploitation of migrant workers ranks high on global political agendas including the Sustainable Development Goals. Research on exploited workers, using assessment tools where exploitation is defined by professional experts, indicates serious health concerns and needs. Yet, migrant workers are rarely asked about their understanding of a phenomenon they may experience. Our study aimed to conceptualise ‘labour exploitation’ from the perspective of migrant workers employed in manual low-skilled jobs.MethodsTwenty-seven Latin Americans working in London (UK) participated in Group Concept Mapping; a participatory mixed-method where qualitative data are collected to define a concept’s content and then analysed using quantitative methods to generate a structured conceptual framework. Participants generated statements describing the concept content during brainstorming sessions, and structured them during sorting-rating exercises. Multi-Dimensional Scaling and Cluster Analysis were performed, generating a conceptual framework that clarified the dimensions, subdimensions and constituent statements of the concept of labour exploitation from migrant workers’ perspectives.ResultsThree key dimensions were identified: ‘poor employment conditions and lack of protection’, covering contractual arrangements and employment relations; ‘disposability and abuse of power’ (or ‘dehumanisation’) covering mechanisms or means which make migrant workers feel disposable and abused; and ‘health and safety and psychosocial hazards’ encompassing issues from physical and psychosocial hazards to a lack of health and social protection. ‘Dehumanisation’ has not been included in mainstream tools assessing exploitation, despite its importance for study participants who also described harsh situations at work including sexual, physical and verbal abuse.ConclusionOur study provides a conceptual framework of labour exploitation that gives voice to migrant workers and can be operationalised into a measure of migrant labour exploitation. It also calls for the dimension ‘dehumanisation’ and structural forms of coercion to be integrated into mainstream conceptualisations, and their workplace hazards to be urgently addressed.