Flower-shaped supramolecular assemblies:: Hierarchical organization of a fullerene bearing long aliphatic chains
Flower-shaped supramolecular assemblies:: Hierarchical organization of a fullerene bearing long aliphatic chains
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DOI：
10.1002/smll.200700647
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Kurth, Dirk G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nakanishi, Takashi;Ariga, Katsuhiko;Kurth, Dirk G.
利用弱分子间作用力来构建新的超分子结构及其在实际应用中的实现是当代化学、纳米科学和纳米技术的一个主要主题。[1]虽然分子自组装到目前为止已经被很好地理解，但到目前为止，微观物体以可预测的方式从分子组成自组织的方式仅限于简单的系统。以色列维利引入的临界填充参数已被证明是预测表面活性剂体系最终结构的有用指南。[2]为了加深对从分子物种到离散微观对象的自组装的理解，有必要设计能够形成微观组装的适当组件，并揭示潜在的形成机制，以完善结构预测所需的一套规则。在这里，我们介绍了基于富勒烯的花状超分子组装和形成机理的假说。富勒烯是最吸引人的π偶联碳纳米材料之一[3]，具有诱人的生物学[4]和光电性质[5]。传统的富勒烯两亲性衍生物具有在富勒烯表面被取代的亲水基团，可以在溶液中自组装成球形泡囊或纳米管超结构。[6]然而，对超结构的形态和尺寸的控制还不是很清楚。最近的一份报告显示，不同树枝状富勒烯的自组织簇合物的形态对它们的宏观性质有影响，例如依赖于尺寸的光伏响应。[7]最近，我们利用两种不同的分子间力，即C60的π-π相互作用和脂肪链的范德华相互作用，探索了富勒烯组装的多态。[8]组装中的π-π和范德华相互作用之间的微妙平衡导致了各种各样的超分子结构。
Utilization of weak intermolecular forces for the construction of new supramolecular architectures and their implementation in practical applications is a major theme in contemporary chemistry, nanoscience, and nanotechnology.[1] While molecular self-assembly is well understood by now, self-organization of microscopic objects from molecular constituents in predictable ways is so far restricted to simple systems. The critical packing parameter introduced by Israelachvilli has proven to be useful as a guideline to predict the resulting structures of surfactant systems.[2] In order to develop an understanding of self-assembly from molecular species to discrete microscopic objects it is necessary to design suitable components capable of forming microscopic assemblies and to unravel the underlying formation mechanism to refine the set of rules required for structure prediction. Here, we present fullerene-based flowerlike supramolecular assemblies and a hypothesis on the formation mechanism.Fullerenes are one of the most fascinating π-conjugated carbon nanomaterials [3] possessing attractive biological [4] and photoelectronic [5] properties. Conventional amphiphilic derivatives of fullerenes, which possess hydrophilic moieties substituted at the intrinsically hydrophobic fullerene surface, can self-assemble into spherical vesicles or nanotubular superstructures in solutions.[6] However, controlling the morphology and size of the superstructures is not well understood. A recent report showed that the morphology of selforganized clusters of various dendritic fullerenes has an influence on their macroscopic properties, such as the size-dependent photovoltaic response.[7] Recently, we explored the polymorphism of fullerene assemblies by using the two different intermolecular forces, namely π–π interactions of C60 and van der Waals interactions of aliphatic chains.[8] A delicate balance between the π–π and van der Waals interactions in the assemblies leads to a wide variety of supramolecular architectures.[9]