Toddlers' responsive imitation predicts preschool-age conscience
Toddlers' responsive imitation predicts preschool-age conscience
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00743.x
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发表时间：
2004-10-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Kochanska, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forman, DR;Aksan, N;Kochanska, G
模仿一直被认为是良心发展的一种机制。尽管模仿在道德内化理论中起着核心作用，但从模仿到道德行为的预测还没有用个体差异的方法进行过检验。在纵向设计中，我们研究了幼儿反应性模仿的个体差异是否能预测学龄前良心。母亲为他们的孩子模仿模仿的行为，并在14个月和22个月大的时候观察到匹配的行为和动机。我们还通过观察儿童在33个月和45个月时的内化行为和内疚来测量学前良心。模仿措施一贯预测良心变量。这些关系因各种措施和评估时间的汇总而得到加强。动机和匹配行为各自在预测学龄前良心中贡献了独立变量。结果是一致的主张，反应性模仿反映了一般接受父母的指导，并与neopsychoanalytic和社会认知的观点，模仿的重要性，在早期的道德发展。
Imitation has long been considered a mechanism for the development of conscience. Despite the central role of imitation in theories of moral internalization, the prediction from imitation to moral behavior has not been tested using an individual differences approach. In a longitudinal design, we examined whether individual differences in toddlers' responsive imitation predict preschool-age conscience. Mothers modeled actions for their children to imitate, and both matching behavior and motivation were observed at 14 and 22 months of age. We also measured preschool conscience by observing children's internalized conduct and guilt at ages 33 and 45 months. Imitation measures consistently predicted conscience variables. These relations were strengthened by aggregation across measures and times of assessment. Motivation and matching behavior each contributed independent variance in predicting preschool-age conscience. Results are consistent with the claim that responsive imitation reflects a general receptive stance to parents' guidance, and with both neopsychoanalytic and social cognitive views of imitation's importance in early moral development.