Ore mineralogy and its relevance for selection of concentration methods in processing of Brazilian iron ores
Ore mineralogy and its relevance for selection of concentration methods in processing of Brazilian iron ores
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矿石矿物学及其与巴西铁矿石加工中选矿方法的相关性
DOI：
10.1179/037195503225011439
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. R. Silva
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Araujo;S. C. Amarante;C. C. Souza;R. R. Silva
目前在巴西经营铁矿石生产的所有主要公司目前都采用或计划采用某种浓缩方法来升级其细粒产品（烧结粉料和球团粉料）。为每种应用选择最适当的富集方法的标准包括一系列参数，其中最重要的参数与矿石矿物学有关。本文回顾了目前在巴西采用的集中操作，并展示了矿石矿物学如何在选择给定方法中发挥基本作用。讨论了包括重选（跳汰机和螺旋机）、磁选（稀土湿鼓、铁轮和琼斯型磁选机）和浮选（特别是柱浮选）在内的例子。对于选择一种选矿方法来说，最重要的是向选矿装置操作提供原料的含铁矿物和脉石矿物的矿物学。例如，在一个颗粒料粒度流中，游离石英作为主要脉石矿物的存在通常表明，浮选将是该流富集的最佳选择。然而，即使磁铁矿仅以赤铁矿颗粒内的结晶物形式存在，也可能导致磁铁矿的选别选择单独磁选或磁选与浮选相结合。在所有情况下，三水铝石和/或高岭石作为含氧化铝的主要相的存在也会影响富集方法的选择。同样，对于颗粒料粒度流，高岭石不会干扰浮选，而三水铝石往往会污染浮选精矿（颗粒料细粒），因为它在反阳离子浮选过程中与氧化铁和氢氧化物一起被抑制。
All major companies now operating in the production of iron ore in Brazil currently employ or are planning to employ some sort of concentration method to upgrade their fine sized products (sinter feed fines and pellet feed fines). The criteria for the selection of the most adequate concentration method for each application include a series of parameters, the most important among them being related to ore mineralogy. This paper reviews the concentration operations currently employed in Brazil and shows how ore mineralogy plays a fundamental role in the selection of a given method. Examples involving gravity concentration (jigs and spirals), magnetic separation (Rare Earth wet drums, ferrous wheel, and Jones type magnetic separators) and flotation (especially column flotation) are discussed. Fundamentally important for the selection of a concentration method is the mineralogy of iron bearing minerals and gangue minerals presented to the feed to the concentration unit operation. For instance, the presence of liberated quartz as the major gangue mineral for a pellet feed size stream generally indicates that flotation will be the best selection for the concentration of that stream. However, even if magnetite is present only in the form of crystal relicts within hematite grains, it may lead to the selection of either magnetic separation alone or a combination of magnetic separation and flotation for concentrating such material. Presence of gibbsite and/or kaolinite as the major phase containing alumina will also affect the selection of the concentration method in all cases. Again for the case of pellet feed size streams, kaolinite does not interfere with flotation whereas gibbsite tends to contaminate flotation concentrate (pellet feed fines) as it is depressed together with iron oxides and hydroxides during the reverse cationic flotation process.