Periphyton density is similar on native and non-native plant species
Periphyton density is similar on native and non-native plant species
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DOI：
10.1111/fwb.12911
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Bart M. C. Grutters;E. Gross;E. Donk;E. S. Bakker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bart M. C. Grutters;E. Gross;E. Donk;E. S. Bakker
外来植物在水生生态系统中日益占主导地位，并在富营养化条件下茁壮成长。在富营养化条件下，水下植物有被附生藻类过度生长的风险；然而，如果非本地植物比本地植物更不容易受到外生植物的影响，这将有助于它们的优势地位。由于养分释放、化感作用和结构的差异，非本地植物对周围生长的敏感性可能与本地植物不同。然而，关于植物是否通过养分释放和化感作用与周围植物生长相互作用，或者是否植物是中性的，因此只有它们的结构对周围植物生长有影响，证据不一。我们假设：(1)非本地沉水维管植物支持的周围植物密度低于本地物种；(2)本地和非本地物种不是周围植物的中性底物，并与周围植物相互作用；(3)周围植物密度随着植物物种结构复杂性的增加而增加。我们在一个可控的气候室里进行了一项实验，在那里我们在桶里种植了11种水生植物和一种人工模拟植物。这些桶接种了从当地植物和硬基质上收集的周围植物。在现存的11个物种中，有7个是欧洲本土的，4个是非本土的。5周后对这些植物的周围植物密度进行量化。结果表明，外植体密度与本地植物密度无显著差异，且与植物复杂性无关。3种植物的周围植物密度低于人工植物，1种植物的周围植物密度高于人工植物，其他植物的周围植物密度与人工植物相似。而植物生长与外植体密度呈显著负相关。我们得出结论，即使在相似的生长条件下，不同的植物种类之间的周生菌密度差异很大，但没有迹象表明与周生菌的相互作用在本地和非本地植物物种之间存在差异。因此，与本地物种相比，非本地植物似乎并没有从减少的外植体定殖中获益。相反，某些本地和非本地物种能很好地忍受富营养化条件，因此，它们似乎比不那么耐受的物种宿主更少的周生菌。
Non-native plants increasingly dominate the vegetation in aquatic ecosystems and thrive in eutrophic conditions. In eutrophic conditions, submerged plants risk being overgrown by epiphytic algae; however, if non-native plants are less susceptible to periphyton than natives, this would contribute to their dominance. Non-native plants may differ from natives in their susceptibility to periphyton growth due to differences in nutrient release, allelopathy and architecture. Yet, there is mixed evidence for whether plants interact with periphyton growth through nutrient release and allelopathy, or whether plants are neutral so that only their architecture matters for periphyton growth. We hypothesised that (1) non-native submerged vascular plants support lower periphyton density than native species, (2) native and non-native species are not neutral substrate for periphyton and interact with periphyton and (3) periphyton density increases with the plant structural complexity of plant species. We conducted an experiment in a controlled climate chamber where we grew 11 aquatic plant species and an artificial plant analogue in monocultures in buckets. These buckets were inoculated with periphyton that was collected locally from plants and hard substrate. Of the 11 living species, seven are native to Europe and four are non-native. The periphyton density on these plants was quantified after five weeks. We found that the periphyton density did not differ between non-native and native plants and was not related to plant complexity. Three living plant species supported lower periphyton densities than the artificial plant, one supported a higher periphyton density and the other plants supported similar densities. However, there was a strong negative correlation between plant growth and periphyton density. We conclude that the periphyton density varies greatly among plant species, even when these were grown under similar conditions, but there was no indication that the interaction with periphyton differs between native and non-native plant species. Hence, non-native plants do not seem to benefit from reduced periphyton colonisation compared to native species. Instead, certain native and non-native species tolerate eutrophic conditions well and as a consequence, they seem to host less periphyton than less tolerant species.