Using ecological and field survey data to establish a national list of the wild bee pollinators of crops
Using ecological and field survey data to establish a national list of the wild bee pollinators of crops
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2021.107447
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发表时间：
2021-04-15
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Garratt, Michael P. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hutchinson, Louise A.;Oliver, Tom H.;Garratt, Michael P. D.
野蜂对作物授粉的重要性已得到公认，但对哪些物种有助于提供服务以告知农业管理、监测和保护却知之甚少。使用网站在英国作为一个案例研究，我们使用一种新的定性方法结合生态信息和实地调查数据，建立一个国家名单的作物授粉蜜蜂四个重要的经济作物（苹果，蚕豆，油菜和草莓）。一个性状数据库被用来建立潜在的传粉者，并结合现场数据，以确定两个占主导地位的作物花访问蜜蜂物种和其他物种，可能是重要的作物传粉者，但目前没有大量采样的作物花。虽然我们发现有证据表明，少数常见的通才物种对花卉访问做出了不成比例的贡献，但更多的物种被确定为潜在的传粉者，包括稀有和专业物种。此外，我们发现了不同作物的蜜蜂群落存在重大差异的证据。建立一个国家作物授粉者名单对从业人员和政策制定者非常重要，可以采取有针对性的管理办法，改善生态系统服务、保护和物种监测。数据可以用来提出建议，如何授粉的多样性可以促进农业景观。我们的研究结果表明，农业环境计划需要支持比目前更高的物种多样性，特别是独居蜜蜂。管理也将受益于针对特定物种，以加强对特定作物的作物授粉服务。虽然我们的研究主要集中在英国，但我们的方法可以很容易地应用于其他国家，作物和传粉昆虫群体。
The importance of wild bees for crop pollination is well established, but less is known about which species contribute to service delivery to inform agricultural management, monitoring and conservation. Using sites in Great Britain as a case study, we use a novel qualitative approach combining ecological information and field survey data to establish a national list of crop pollinating bees for four economically important crops (apple, field bean, oilseed rape and strawberry). A traits data base was used to establish potential pollinators, and combined with field data to identify both dominant crop flower visiting bee species and other species that could be important crop pollinators, but which are not presently sampled in large numbers on crops flowers. Whilst we found evidence that a small number of common, generalist species make a disproportionate contribution to flower visits, many more species were identified as potential pollinators, including rare and specialist species. Furthermore, we found evidence of substantial variation in the bee communities of different crops. Establishing a national list of crop pollinators is important for practitioners and policy makers, allowing targeted management approaches for improved ecosystem services, conservation and species monitoring. Data can be used to make recommendations about how pollinator diversity could be promoted in agricultural landscapes. Our results suggest agri-environment schemes need to support a higher diversity of species than at present, notably of solitary bees. Management would also benefit from targeting specific species to enhance crop pollination services to particular crops. Whilst our study is focused upon Great Britain, our methodology can easily be applied to other countries, crops and groups of pollinating insects.